Table 1.
Amy | Insula | dACC | Hpc | vmPFC | dlPFC | vlPFC | Conn | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fear learning | ⬆[5, 15–17] | ⬆[18] | ⬇[3, 5, 15, 17, 18] | |||||
Threat detection | ⬆[3, 17] | ⬆[3, 18] | ⬆[3, 35] | ⬆[3, 14] | ||||
Emotional regulation | ↑ [52] (sec) | ⬇[3] | ⬇[3, 59] | ⬇[3] | ||||
Context Processing | ↑ [3, 34] (sec) | ↑ [3, 34] (sec) | ↑ [3, 16, 34, 35] (sec) | ⬇[3, 16, 34, 40] | ⬇[3, 16, 34, 35, 40] | ⬇[3, 14] |
Note: Arrows indicate greater or less activation in PTSD compared to healthy controls. Amy = Amygdala; dACC = dorsal anterior cingulate; Hpc = Hippocampus; vmPFC, dlPFC, vlPFC = ventromedial, dorsolateral, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex; Conn = Connectivity; sec = secondary (accompanied by smaller arrows).