. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Nov 1.

Published in final edited form as: Child Dev. 2016 Nov 8;88(6):1966–1982. doi: 10.1111/cdev.12664

Table 5.

Hierarchical Regression Analysis Predicting Mental Transformation Task Score

	b	SE_b	β	R²	ΔR²	ΔF	p
Predictors
Step 1: Demographics				0.23	0.23	5.66^**	.007
Age	0.18	0.07	0.36^*
Gender	−0.10	0.06	−0.26
Step 2: Vocabulary
Age	0.18	0.07	0.36^*	0.39	0.16	4.87^*	.013
Gender	−0.07	0.05	−0.18
PPVT-IV	0.00	0.00	0.17
Spatial Vocabulary	0.35	0.15	0.32^*
Step 3: Potential Task Relevant Production				0.49	0.10	3.27^*	.050
Age	0.19	0.06	0.38^**
Gender	−0.09	0.05	−0.23
PPVT-IV	0.00	0.00	0.08
Spatial Vocabulary	0.34	0.15	0.31^*
Quantity Non-Spatial Terms	−0.15	0.07	−0.28^*
Quantity Spatial Terms	0.07	0.04	0.24
Step 4: Adaptation				0.50	0.10	7.64^**	.009
Age	0.17	0.06	0.34^**
Gender	−0.08	0.05	−0.20
PPVT-IV	0.00	0.00	0.03
Spatial Vocabulary	0.36	0.14	0.33^*
Quantity Non-Spatial Terms	−0.14	0.06	−0.26^*
Quantity Spatial Terms	0.02	0.04	0.05
Adaptation	0.15	0.05	0.37^**

Note.

p < .05

^**

p < .01.

Gender was contrast coded (−.5 = female, .5 = male). PPVT-IV= Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-IV.