1.

Comparison between NEWS and simple suturing method in porcine models

Items	NEWS (32)	Simple suturing method* (33)
NEWS, non-exposed endoscopic wall-inversion surgery; *, non-exposure endolaparoscopic full-thickness resection with simple suturing technique.
Steps
Mucosal marking	Present	Present
Serosal marking	Present	Present
Saline injection into mucosa	Present	Absent
Laparoscopic seromuscular dissection	Present	Absent
Laparoscopic seromuscular suturing	Present	Present
Endoscopic submucosal dissection	Present	Present
Endoscopic suturing	Optimal	Mandatory
Outcomes
Mean diameter of specimen (mm)	34.8	48.2±6.9
En bloc resection	100% (6/6)	100% (4/4)
Operation time (min)	153	137.0±28.2
Leakage	0% (0/6)	0% (0/4)