Table 3.

Comparison of patient characteristics of true schizophrenia patients between patients receiving oral and LAIs before and after matching

Characteristic	All patients	Before matching		All patients	After matching		P value
		Oral	LAI		Oral	LAI
Total number of patients	3759	3625 (96)	134 (4)	536	402 (75)	134 (25)
Age, years (mean ± SD)	46.58 ± 11.97	46.54 ± 11.98	47.72 ± 11.56	48.28 ± 11.28	48.47 ± 11.20	47.72 ± 11.56	0.597
Gender							0.517
Female	1987 (53)	1925 (53)	62 (46)	261 (49)	199 (49)	62 (46)
Male	1772 (47)	1700 (47)	72 (54)	275 (51)	203 (51)	72 (54)
CCI score (mean ± SD)	0.26 ± 0.81	0.26 ± 0.81	0.22 ± 0.57	0.18 ± 0.50	0.16 ± 0.48	0.22 ± 0.57	0.217
≤1	3588 (95)	3460 (95)	128 (95)	520 (97)	392 (97)	128 (96)
1–3	134 (4)	128 (4)	6 (5)	15 (3)	9 (3)	6 (5)
>3	37 (1)	37 (1)	0(0)	1 (0)	1 (0)	0 (0)
Co-morbidities
Liver disease	379 (10)	362 (10)	17 (13)	59 (11)	42 (10)	17 (13)	0.473
Chronic pulmonary disease	80 (2)	78 (2)	2 (1)	5 (1)	3 (1)	2 (1)	0.436
Diabetes without complications	59 (2)	57 (2)	2 (1)	4 (1)	2 (1)	2 (1)	0.246
Diabetes with complications	61 (2)	66 (2)	3 (2)	8 (1)	5 (1)	3 (2)	0.411
Re-hospitalization
Readmission patient	1001 (26)	989 (27)	13 (8)	60 (11)	47 (12)	13 (8)
Number of re-hospitalizations (mean ± SD)	0.37 ± 1.43	0.63 ± 1.92	0.10 ± 0.25	0.19 ± 0.57	0.22 ± 0.61	0.10 ± 0.25	0.022
ER visit
Patient visits ER	1025 (27)	1006 (28)	19 (14)	82 (15)	63 (16)	19 (14)
Number of ER visits (mean ± SD)	0.36 ± 0.70	0.34 ± 0.70	0.13 ± 0.42	0.23 ± 0.59	0.25 ± 0.63	0.13 ± 0.42	0.045

Values are expressed as n (%) unless specified otherwise

LAI long-acting injectable antipsychotic, SD standard deviation, CCI Charlson Co-morbidity Index, ER emergency visit