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. 2017 May 9;11:70. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2017.00070

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Copyright © 2017 Le Coz, Genty, Anton and Hanesch.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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mRNA expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6 in the ipsilateral spinal cord segment L4/L5 following the chronic social stress protocol (OSS, light gray column), CCI (dark gray column) or the combination of both models (OSS+CCI, black column) at day 49. Data are expressed as relative expression level (fold) of CON (control group = 1, white column) and are shown as mean ± SD (n = 6 per group). Left: IL-1β mRNA expression was significantly enhanced only in the OSS+CCI animals. Right: IL-6 mRNA expression was greatly increased in animals that underwent nerve injury (CCI and OSS+CCI). Social stress alone (OSS) and in combination with CCI (OSS+CCI) had no (additional) effect on the relative expression level of IL-6. **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.