Table 1. Demographics of the clinical studies using TET.
| Author | Macchiarini et al.36) | Omori et al.37) | Macchiarini et al.38) | Jungebluth et al.41) | Elliot et al.42) | Berg et al.44) | Steinke et al.45) |
| Year | 2004 | 2005 | 2008 | 2011 | 2012 | 2014 | 2015 |
| Age/Gender | 58/M | 78/F | 30/F | 36/M | 12/M | 76/M | 26/M |
| Primary disease | Locally extended lung cancer | Thyroid cancer | Broncho-malacia | Tracheal cancer | Congenital tracheal stenosis and pulmonary sling | Tracheo-laryngeal stenosis | Trache-oesophageal defect |
| Type of circumferential repair | Full | Partial | Full | Full | Full | Full | Partial |
| Type of scaffold | Porcine jejunal segment | Marlex tube covered by a porcine collagen sponge | Cadaveric trachea | Bioartificial nanocomposite | Cadaveric trachea | Cadaveric trachea | Porcine jejunal segment with intact mesentery (BioVaSc) |
| Decellularization | Yes | NU | Yes | NU | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Cell line used | Fibroblasts and MCs | NU | ECs and MSCs | Bone marrow MNCs | ECs and MSCs | ECs and MSCs | MVECs and MCs |
| Vascularization | Omentum and myoplasty | NU | NU | Omentum | Omentum | NU | NU |
Neither immunosuppression nor temporary stenting was used in any study. TET: tissue-engineered trachea; M: male; F: female; MSCs: mesenchymal-stem cells; MNCs: mononuclear cells; MCs: muscle cells; NU: not used; MVECs: microvascular endothelial cells; ECs: epithelial cells