Table 1.
Odds Ratio for Asthma Outcomes with Each Interquartile Range Increase in Serum Sphingolipid
| Cases vs. Control Subjects (n = 243) | EIW vs. Non-EIW (Cases and Control Subjects)* (n = 243) | EIW vs. Non-EIW (Cases)† (n = 152) | Asthma Persistence vs. Remission (n = 147) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dihydroceramides (d18:0) | ||||
| DHC18 | 1.2 (0.82–1.7) | 1.7‡ (1.1–2.5) | 1.9‡ (1.1–3.0) | 2.3§ (1.3–4.4) |
| DHC24:1 | 0.88 (0.61–1.3) | 1.3 (0.88–2.0) | 1.7 (0.97–2.9) | 1.3 (0.70–2.4) |
| DHC24 | 0.96 (0.68–1.4) | 1.3 (0.87–1.8) | 1.4 (0.87–2.2) | 1.0 (0.60–1.7) |
| Ceramides (d18:1) | ||||
| C16 | 1.2 (0.78–1.8) | 1.6‡ (1.05–2.4) | 1.7 (0.99–2.8) | 1.5 (0.80–2.7) |
| C18 | 1.1 (0.76–1.5) | 1.5 (1.0–2.2) | 1.7‡ (1.1–2.9) | 1.3 (0.78–2.2) |
| C20 | 0.86 (0.59–1.2) | 1.5 (0.99–2.2) | 1.9‡ (1.2–3.1) | 1.8‡ (1.0–3.1) |
| C22 | 0.87 (0.59–1.3) | 1.2 (0.77–1.8) | 1.3 (0.78–2.3) | 1.5 (0.84–2.8) |
| C24 | 0.92 (0.66–1.3) | 1.4 (0.95–2.0) | 1.8‡ (1.1–3.0) | 1.1 (0.62–1.9) |
| C24:1 | 0.81 (0.52–1.3) | 1.1 (0.71–1.8) | 1.4 (0.78–2.5) | 1.6 (0.81–3.1) |
| Long-chain bases (d18:1) | ||||
| S1p | 1.4 (0.89–2.4) | 1.2 (0.78–2.2) | 1.1 (0.61–1.9) | 1.5 (0.72–2.9) |
| Sa1p | 1.3 (0.80–2.0) | 1.2 (0.78–2.0) | 1.1 (0.69–1.9) | 1.7 (0.92–3.3) |
| Sphingomyelins (d18:1) | ||||
| SM C16 | 0.99 (0.68–1.4) | 1.2 (0.80–1.9) | 1.2 (0.73–1.9) | 1.7 (0.96–3.0) |
| SM C18 | 1.1 (0.75–1.7) | 1.3 (0.84–2.1) | 1.3 (0.77–2.2) | 1.6 (0.86–2.9) |
| SM C18:1 | 1.2 (0.81–1.7) | 1.5 (0.94–2.3) | 1.4 (0.85–2.4) | 1.3 (0.74–2.3) |
| SM C24:1 | 1.0 (0.66–1.5) | 1.6 (1.0–2.5) | 1.7‡ (1.0–3.0) | 1.5 (0.83–2.8) |
| Alanine-derived ceramides (m18:1) | ||||
| DeoxyC24:1 | 0.93 (0.68–1.3) | 1.3 (0.94–1.9) | 1.7‡ (1.04–2.7) | 1.0 (0.62–1.8) |
Definition of abbreviation: EIW = exercise-induced wheezing.
Adjusted for sex, race, Hispanic ethnicity, seroatopy, season of serum collection, assay batch, and number of freeze/thaws of serum before analyses. To standardize across sphingolipids, odds ratios were calculated for an interquartile range increase in sphingolipid.
Analyses were conducted comparing the children with EIW to those without EIW. The group without EIW included cases with asthma and control subjects without asthma.
Analyses were conducted comparing the children with EIW to those with asthma without EIW. The group without EIW only included subjects with asthma and did not include control subjects without asthma.
P < 0.05.
P < 0.01.