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. 2016 Aug 24;10(9):1473–1484. doi: 10.1016/j.molonc.2016.08.002

Figure 1.

Figure 1

rBGN stimulates endothelial cell expression of VEGF. (A) VEGF protein expression in HUVEC culture media was determined via ELISA after cells were stimulated with 20 nM rBGN for various times. (B) VEGF mRNA expression in HUVECs was determined via qPCR after cells were stimulated with 20 nM rBGN for various times. (C–D) TLR2/4 mRNA and protein expression in endothelial cells were determined via PCR and western‐blot. (E–F) HUVECs were incubated with antibodies to neutralize TLR2 and/or TLR4 receptor(s). Then, VEGF protein and mRNA expression were determined via ELISA and qPCR after cells were stimulated with or without 20 nM BGN. Each value is the mean ± SD of three experiments. ** Represents P ≤ 0.01 when compared to untreated control levels; ## represents P ≤ 0.01 when compared to stimulated control values.