TABLE 2.
BIVARIABLE AND MULTIVARIABLE GENERALIZED ESTIMATING EQUATION MODELS OF FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH RECENT ENGAGEMENT ON ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (N = 874, LEFT), AND RECENT UNDETECTABLE PLASMA VIRAL LOAD (N = 788, RIGHT) BETWEEN DECEMBER 2005 AND JUNE 2015 AMONG HIV-POSITIVE PEOPLE WHO USE ILLICIT DRUGS IN VANCOUVER, CANADA
| Characteristic | Odds Ratio (95% CI§) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model Series 1 | Model Series 2 | |||
| ART Engagement | Non-detectable VL | |||
| Unadjusted | Adjusted | Unadjusted | Adjusted | |
| Cannabis Use£ | ||||
| < Daily | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| ≥ Daily | 0.94 (0.78 – 1.12) | 1.02 (0.77 – 1.36) | 1.05 (0.89 – 1.24) | 0.96 (0.75 – 1.21) |
| Age | ||||
| Per year older | 1.17 (1.14 – 1.19)** | 1.08 (1.06 – 1.10)** | 1.09 (1.07 – 1.11)** | 1.04 (1.03 – 1.06)** |
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Female | 0.65 (0.51 – 0.83)* | 0.73 (0.54 – 1.00) | 0.75 (0.62 – 0.92)* | 0.78 (0.62 – 0.99)* |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Non-Caucasian | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - |
| Caucasian | 1.11 (0.87 – 1.41) | - | 1.17 (0.97 – 1.41) | - |
| Unstable housing£ | ||||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | - |
| Yes | 0.81 (0.70 – 0.94)* | 0.94 (0.73 – 1.20) | 0.82 (0.72 – 0.93)* | - |
| Employment£ | ||||
| No | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - |
| Yes | 1.02 (0.87 – 1.20) | - | 1.06 (0.93 – 1.22) | - |
| Alternative income generation£ | ||||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | - |
| Yes | 0.58 (0.51 – 0.66)** | 0.82 (0.64 – 1.04) | 0.68 (0.60 – 0.78)** | - |
| Incarcerated£ | ||||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | - |
| Yes | 0.48 (0.39 – 0.60)** | 0.66 (0.50 – 0.88)* | 0.62 (0.50 – 0.76)** | - |
| Addiction treatment£ | ||||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 1.98 (1.67 – 2.35)** | 2.28 (1.79 – 2.90)** | 1.38 (1.21 – 1.58)** | 1.66 (1.36 – 2.03)** |
| Injection drug use£ | ||||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | - |
| Yes | 0.61 (0.52 – 0.73)** | 0.71 (0.55 – 0.92)* | 0.64 (0.55 – 0.74)** | - |
| Binge drug use£ | ||||
| No | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 0.81 (0.73 – 0.90)** | - | 0.79 (0.71 – 0.87)** | 0.79 (0.69 – 0.91)* |
| Binge alcohol use£ | ||||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | - |
| Yes | 0.88 (0.77 – 0.99)* | 1.01 (0.81 – 1.27) | 0.93 (0.82 – 1.04) | - |
| CD4 cell count£ | ||||
| Per 100 cells/mL plasma increase | 1.19 (1.11 – 1.26)** | - | 1.48 (1.40 – 1.57)** | 1.34 (1.27 – 1.42)** |
§
95% CI = 95% Confidence Interval
£
In the previous six months
*
p<0.05
**
p<0.001