Fig. 1.
Expression of the genes tim and Gclc in Drosophila melanogaster with clock function disrupted in PDF-positive pacemaker neurons. tim (A) and Gclc (B) mRNA show similar rhythms in heads of flies with clock disrupted in PDF neurons (Pdf>cycΔ) as in the control (cycΔ>+). Levels are normalized to the reference gene rp49. Values are reported as percent of peak expression in the control and represent mean of 3 independent biological replicates ± SEM. Two-way ANOVA with Bonferonni post-test showed no significance difference in tim or Gclc expression between the two genotypes at each time point, but within each genotype, a significant difference between peak and trough expression (P < 0.0001 for both genotypes in tim; P < 0.0001 for both genotypes in Gclc).