Fig. 3.

Expression of tim and Gclc expression in heads of per⁰¹ background Drosophila melanogaster with rescued clock function in central pacemaker or all head clocks. (A) mRNA expression of tim and Gclc in per⁰¹ 7.2.2d flies with a rescued central clock, and per⁰¹ 13.2.2e flies with per rescued in all clock cells. Levels are normalized to the reference gene rp49. Values are reported as percent of peak expression in the control and represent mean of 3 independent biological replicates ± SEM. Stars indicate a significant difference from the trough expression of each genotype, analyzed by two-way ANOVA with Bonferonni post-test (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ****P < 0.0001). (B) Representative actograms showing rhythmic locomotor activity in both genotypes. Shaded areas represent periods of darkness.