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. 2017 May 9;12(5):e0176988. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176988

Fig 6. Preformed biofilms of S. aureus strains exposed to the 2.6 kDa chitosan.

Fig 6

(A) Reduction of a preformed biofilm on pegs following exposure to increasing concentrations of chitosan. (B) Bactericidal effect of chitosan on preformed biofilms. The CFU/peg after 24 h of biofilm formation was evaluated for control pegs (CTRL 24 h) and this represented the inoculum at the onset of treatment, which occurred at 24 h for another 24 h of incubation. The CFU/peg obtained for the untreated pegs after the total incubation period served as the reference (CTRL 48 h) for treatment efficacy. Data were obtained from three independent experiments. Significant differences in comparison to the untreated controls (0 mg/ml in A, and CTRL 48 h in B) are shown. Statistical analysis was performed using non-parametric one way ANOVA: **, P<0.005; ***, P<0.001; ****, P<0.0001.