Diagram of protein families with C1 domains that bind phorbol esters and diacylglycerol (DAG). DAG is generated upon stimulation of membrane receptors such as tyrosine-kinase and G-protein-coupled receptors. C1, C1 domain; C2, C2 domain; PS, pseudosubstrate domain; PH, pleckstrin homology domain; EF, EF hands; SH2, Src-homology 2 domain; Rac-GAP, Rac GTPase Activating Protein domain; REM, Ras Exchanger Motif; RasGEF, Ras Guanine nucleotide Exchange Factor domain. Note that the figure depicts representative structures for each class, but certain members lack some of these domains or may contain additional domains not depicted here.