Table 2.

Results of cognitive tests and comparisons of the IAH and NAH groups

Cognitive test	IAH group		NAH group		p	Cohen’s d (95% CI)
	n a	Mean ± SD	n a	Mean ± SD
Verbal memory testb
Distraction recall	32	6.4 ± 2.3	35	8.3 ± 3.1	0.007	−0.70 (−1.18, −0.2)
Post-distraction recall	32	12.3 ± 2.6	35	13.2 ± 2.6	0.179	−0.34 (−0.83, 0.14)
Delayed recall	32	12.4 ± 2.2	32	13.7 ± 2.1	0.018	−0.62 (−1.11, −0.10)
Objects in gridb	30	7.9 ± 3.1	34	9.9 ± 4.7	0.043	−0.55 (−1.05, −0.05)
Pattern separationb	28	0.19 ± 0.20	33	0.35 ± 0.17	0.001	−0.86 (−1.39, −0.34)
Digit span backwardsb	29	9.2 ± 2.7	33	9.9 ± 2.8	0.328	−0.25 (−0.76, 0.25)
Codingb	27	29.2 ± 8.1	34	34.4 ± 11.6	0.051	−0.52 (−1.02, 0.01)
Tower testc
Total moves	24	57.5 ± 9.4	25	54.0 ± 6.6	0.142	0.43 (−0.13, 1.0)
Log illegal moves	24	0.46 ± 0.29	25	0.29 ± 0.31	0.057	0.57 (0, 1.14)

^aNumber of valid responses

^bHigher scores indicate better performance

^cHigher scores indicate poorer performance