Table 2.
Results from paired-sample t-tests contrasting performance between test conditions across healthy young and older adults for the immediate and 30 s test delay.
| PERFORMANCE ACROSS GROUPS FOR EACH TEST CONDITION AT THE IMMEDIATE AND 30 S TEST DELAY | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Test condition | Immediate delay | 30 s delay | ||
| t (p); Effect size (r); Power (β) | t (p); Effect size (r); Power (β) | |||
| Colours | 6.74 (<0.001); 0.66; 1.00 | 6.05 (<0.001); 0.61; 1.00 | ||
| Objects | 6.61 (<0.001); 0.62; 1.00 | 5.65 (<0.001); 0.57; 1.00 | ||
| Binding Congruent Objects | 2.21 (0.030); 0.26; 0.64 | 3.59 (0.001); 0.41; 0.95 | ||
| Binding Incongruent Objects | 4.11 (<0.001); 0.47; 0.98 | 6.30 (<0.001); 0.65; 1.00 | ||
| PERFORMANCE ACROSS TEST CONDITION FOR EACH GROUP AT THE IMMEDIATE AND 30 S TEST DELAY | ||||
| Immediate delay | 30 s delay | |||
| Test condition | Healthy young adults | Healthy older adults | Healthy young adults | Healthy elderly |
| t (p); Effect size (r); Power (β) | t (p); Effect size (r); Power (β) | t (p); Effect size (r); Power (β) | t (p); Effect size (r); Power (β) | |
| Colours vs. Objects | −0.78 (0.443); 0.14; 0.11 | −2.27 (0.029); 0.34; 0.61 | −1.07 (0.295); 0.19; 0.17 | −1.29 (0.205); 0.20; 0.25 |
| Colours vs. Binding Congruent objects | −1.06 (0.299); 0.19; 0.17 | −5.28 (<0.001); 0.65; 1.00 | −3.04 (0.005); 0.48; 0.82 | −5.59 (<0.001); 0.67; 1.00 |
| Colours vs. Binding Incongruent objects | −0.77 (0.447); 0.14; 0.11 | −1.32 (0.195); 0.21; 0.25 | −4.80 (<0.001); 0.65; 1.00 | −2.86 (0.007); 0.42; 0.81 |
| Objects vs. Binding Congruent objects | −0.27 (0.793); 0.05; 0.04 | −3.98 (<0.001); 0.54; 0.98 | −2.15 (0.040); 0.36; 0.53 | −3.88 (<0.001); 0.53; 0.97 |
| Objects vs. Binding Incongruent objects | 0.05 (0.958); 0.01; 0.03 | −0.03 (0.980); 0.00; 0.03 | −4.02 (<0.001); 0.59; 0.97 | −1.39 (0.174); 0.22; 0.28 |
| Binding Congruent objects vs. Binding Incongruent objects | 0.34 (0.738); 0.06; 0.05 | 3.67 (0.001); 0.51; 0.95 | −0.97 (0.340); 0.17; 0.15 | 3.54 (0.001); 0.49; 0.94 |
The alpha level was set to 0.05 for all mixed-factor ANOVAs. In order to avoid type-I error, we adjusted the alpha level to 0.001, using Bonferroni correction, i.e., 0.05/32 comparisons (For each delay interval: 6 within-group comparisons per test group, i.e., each comparison is between 2 of the 4 test conditions; 4 between group comparisons for each test condition–see statistical analysis). The values in bold represent statistical significant findings.