Table 2.

Correlations and elastic net regression for TNF gene expression in post-obese SAT

	r	p value		r	p value
Age (years)	0.02	0.93	Gene expression
BMI (kg/m2)	0.01	0.95	ADIPOQ	−0.38	0.06
WHR	0.02	0.94	CASP3	0.56	<0.01
			CCL3	−0.34	0.18
Serum parameters			CD144	−0.29	0.14
Triglycerides (mg/dl)	0.20	0.33	CD3E	0.30	0.13
Total cholesterol (mg/dl)	−0.23	0.25	CD40	0.34	0.09
HDL-C (mg/dl)	−0.26	0.20	CD68	−0.29	0.15
LDL-C (mg/dl)	−0.25	0.21	CIDEA	-0.37	0.06
ALT (U/l)	0.23	0.21	FGF1	−0.33	0.10
GGT (U/l)	0.31	0.13	HLA-DR	0.10	0.63
Glucose (mg/dl)	0.39	0.04	IGF1	−0.43	0.03
Insulin (μU/ml)	0.00	0.98	IL10	−0.18	0.40
C-peptide (ng/ml)	−0.03	0.87	IL1B	−0.17	0.42
HOMA-IR	0.02	0.91	IL6	−0.33	0.13
CRP (mg/dl)	0.12	0.56	IRS2	−0.15	0.47
HbA1c (%)	−0.03	0.90	PLIN1	−0.44	0.03
Myostatin (ng/ml)	0.22	0.37	PPARG	−0.48	0.01
IL-6 (pg/ml)	0.26	0.20	SLC2A4	−0.54	<0.01
Adiponectin (μg/ml)	0.03	0.90	VEGFC	−0.27	0.18
TNF (pg/ml)	0.07	0.72
IGF1 (ng/ml)	−0.25	0.20
Albumin (mg/dl)	0.24	0.21
Elastic net regression			Selected variables	B coefficients
			Glucose (mg/ml)	0.002
			CASP3 (a.u.)	0.308
			CD40 (a.u.)	0.033
			SLC2A4 (a.u.)	−0.85

Significant correlations are highlighted in italics. B coefficients represent the unstandardized regression coefficient of the independent variables, which describe the ddCt values of TNF via elastic net regression. Elastic net parameters were chosen to minimize the mean squared error of the linear regression as following: the relative strength of the L1 and L2 penalty term α = 0.86 and the regression penalty λ = 0.30. The intercept of the regression was 0.950

r Pearson correlation coefficient, p significance level, ALT alanine transaminase, CRP C-reactive protein, GGT gamma-glutamyl-transferase, HbA1c hemoglobin A1c, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HOMA-IR homeostatic model assessment–insulin resistance, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, WHR waist to hip ratio, a.u. arbitrary units