Table 1.

Opioids in drivers: Concentrations in oral fluid, laboratory confirmation data (ng/ml)

	Opioid Alone	Opioid in combination	Total
	median [with percentiles 25 and 75 (Q1-Q3)]	median [with percentiles 25 and 75 (Q1-Q3)]	median [with percentiles 25 and 75 (Q1-Q3])
6-AM	n = 8	n = 26	n = 34
	1.56	8.35	5.71
	[0.32–4.40	[3.65–200.00]	[1.53–84.05]
Morphine		n = 20	n = 20
		37.40	37.40
		[2.84–200.00]	[2.84–200.00]
Codeine	n = 10	n = 16	n = 26
	67.0	17.00	40.55
	[4.50–104.21]	[1.70–186.06]	[2.10–120.77]
Methadone	n = 10	n = 14	n = 24
	1.65	2.70	1.71
	[0.10–5.42]	[0.10–71.87]	[0.10–15.30]

6-AM 6-acetylmorphine

THC delta 9 tetrahydrocannabinol