Table 4.

Mediation Criterion 3: Statistical Significance of Relationship between CICH Participation and ED Use After Adjustment for Possible Mediators

Covariate	OR (95% CI) a	βb	t c	p
Recently homeless d	0.87 (0.73 – 1.04)	−0.14	−1.54	0.124
Access to a case manager d	0.81 (0.67 – 0.98)	−0.22	−2.21	0.028
Access to primary medical provider d	0.77 (0.65 – 0.92)	−0.26	−2.90	0.004
Access to MH/SA provider d	0.76 (0.63 – 0.91)	−0.28	−2.98	0.003
Used outpatient medical services d	0.77 (0.65 – 0.92)	−0.26	−2.90	0.004
Used outpatient MH/SA services d	0.76 (0.64 – 0.91)	−0.27	−2.94	0.003
SF12 physical health e	0.77 (0.64 – 0.92)	−0.26	−2.92	0.004
SF12 mental health e	0.78 (0.65 – 0.92)	−0.25	−2.86	0.004
ASI alcohol use f	0.77 (0.65 – 0.92)	−0.26	−2.92	0.004
ASI drug use f	0.77 (0.65 – 0.92)	−0.26	−2.91	0.004

Note: Longitudinal GEEs of whether participants visited an ED in the prior 90 days were adjusted for baseline values of the dependent variable as well as characteristics that significantly differed (P<.15) in CICH and comparison cohorts (gender, race, four or more episodes of homelessness in the prior two years, number of mental health problems, SF12 mental health measure). In each case, the model was adjusted for the possible mediator in column 1. Both odds ratios and regression coefficients reflect the effect of participation in CICH on ED use after adjustment for the possible mediator.

^aOdds Ratio for any ED use in the prior 90 days. For continuous measures, the odds ratio is for each unit change.

^bRegression coefficient for any ED use in the prior 90 days.

^ct-statistic

^dPast 90 days

^eSF12 = Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-12. Possible scores ranging from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better health

^fASI = Addiction Severity Index. Possible scores ranging from 0 to 1, with higher scores indicating greater addiction severity