Table 1.
Study cohort characteristics overall and by self-reported race/ethnicity
| Characteristic | All N=1,387 |
Self-reported race/ethnicity | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||
| African-American n=379 |
Hispanic n=411 |
White n=597 |
p value | ||
| Age, years | |||||
| 34–44 | 281 (30.38) | 71 (32.31) | 99 (45.61) | 111 (26.60) | < 0.001 |
| 45–54 | 421 (28.31) | 136 (34.86) | 147 (30.47) | 138 (25.35) | |
| 55–64 | 372 (18.25) | 86 (15.78) | 118 (16.73) | 168 (19.50) | |
| 65–74 | 209 (12.28) | 65 (12.06) | 34 (4.62) | 110 (13.89) | |
| 75–87 | 104 (10.79) | 21 (4.99) | 13 (2.57) | 70 (14.67) | |
| Sex (% male) | 519 (44.95) | 135 (39.98) | 143 (45.86) | 241 (46.69) | 0.262 |
| Income, US$ | |||||
| <20,000 | 455 (22.53) | 141 (33.44) | 205 (39.51) | 109 (14.92) | < 0.001 |
| 20,000–49,999 | 405 (25.65) | 129 (34.80) | 146 (36.61) | 129 (19.92) | |
| ≥50,000 | 527 (51.83) | 109 (31.77) | 59 (23.89) | 358 (65.16) | |
| Education | |||||
| Less than high school | 174 (6.48) | 41 (8.43) | 117 (22.24) | 16 (2.57) | < 0.001 |
| High school or equivalent | 397 (23.12) | 144 (38.53) | 156 (37.46) | 96 (14.29) | |
| Some college | 290 291 (20.65) | 106 (32.59) | 76 (18.11) | 109 (16.54) | |
| College or more | 526 (49.75) | 88 (20.45) | 62 (22.18) | 376 (66.59) | |
| Occupation | |||||
| Professional, managerial, sales and office | 794 (67.97) | 213 (59.32) | 119 (40.42) | 463 (76.81) | < 0.001 |
| Service | 333 (17.03) | 93 (22.86) | 171 (32.06) | 68 (11.78) | |
| Manual labour | 187 (11.76) | 63 (16.27) | 71 (17.61) | 52 (8.84) | |
| Never worked | 74 (3.24) | 10 (1.55) | 50 (9.91) | 14 (2.57) | |
| Private insurance | 807 (70.27) | 199 (55.57) | 157 (47.80) | 451 (80.44) | < 0.001 |
| Public insurance | 676 (40.67) | 206 (51.37) | 238 (49.29) | 232 (34.81) | < 0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | |||||
| Normal (<25) | 337 (26.30) | 72 (16.24) | 71 (18.00) | 194 (31.85) | < 0.001 |
| Overweight (25–29) | 515 (39.23) | 132 (34.47) | 162 (44.20) | 221 (40.09) | |
| Obese (≥30) | 535 (34.46) | 175 (49.29) | 178 (37.80) | 182 (28.06) | |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 128 (0.74) | 133 (1.49) | 127 (0.99) | 127 (0.97) | < 0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 80 (0.43) | 84 (0.84) | 80 (0.75) | 78 (0.56) | < 0.001 |
| LDL-cholesterol, mmol/l | 2.89 (0.31) | 3.01 (0.06) | 2.99 (0.06) | 2.82.0 (0.04) | < 0.001 |
| Fasting glucose, mmol/l | 5.63 (0.03) | 5.72 (0.04) | 5.67 (0.05) | 5.59 (0.04) | < 0.001 |
| HbA1c, % | 5.53 (0.01) | 5.68 (0.03) | 5.57 (0.02) | 5.47 (0.02) | < 0.001 |
| HbA1c, mmol/mol | 36.9 (0.14) | 38.6 (0.32) | 37.4 (0.23) | 36.3 (0.17) | < 0.001 |
| African ancestry, % | 28.3 (1.41) | 78.2 (1.12) | 30.0 (1.97) | 8.63 (0.54) | < 0.001 |
| Native American ancestry, % | 7.58 (0.45) | 5.95 (0.48) | 25.3 (2.15) | 4.68 (0.33) | < 0.001 |
| European ancestry, % | 64.2 (1.50) | 15.9 (1.06) | 44.8 (2.05) | 86.7 (0.65) | < 0.001 |
All categorical variables are n (%); all continuous variables are mean (SE) unless specified otherwise
Values may not all sum up to 1,387 owing to rounding