TABLE 1.

Baseline characteristics of In SHAPE participants overall and by age group^a

Characteristic	Total sample (N=194)		21–30 years (N=29)		>30 years (N=165)		p
	N	%	N	%	N	%
Demographic
Age (M±SD)	44.0±11.1		26.0±3.2		47.2±8.7		<.001
Sex							.712
Male	93	48	13	45	80	49
Female	101	52	16	55	85	52
Race-ethnicity							.205
Black	33	17	8	28	25	15
Hispanic	17	9	4	14	13	8
Non-Hispanic white	132	68	15	52	117	71
Other	12	6	2	7	10	6
Completed high school	162	84	23	79	139	84	.509
Current smoker	80	41	12	41	68	41	.987
Living situation							.011
Living independently	133	69	14	48	119	72
In supervised or supportive housing	61	31	15	52	46	28
Married							.001
Never married	127	66	25	86	102	62
Currently married	13	7	4	14	9	6
Previously married	54	28	0	—	54	33
Diagnosis							.808
Schizophrenia spectrum disorder	103	53	16	55	87	53
Mood disorder	91	47	13	45	78	47
Obesity measures
Body mass index (M±SD)b	37.1±8.0		36.9±7.0		37.2±8.2		.847
Weight (M±SD pounds)	235.2±56.0		235.0±59.5		235.2±55.6		.984
Waist circumference (M±SD inches)	47.0±6.9		46.4±6.9		47.2±7.0		.593
Fitness (M±SD)c	1,388.3±313.0		1,498.3±233.5		1,369.3±321.6		.044
Total physical activity (M±SD)d	2,108.8±2,554.2		2,449.6±3,055.1		2,048.6±2,554.2		.118
Blood pressure (M±SD mmHg)
Systolic	126.4±18.5		123.6±13.6		126.9±19.3		.378
Diastolic	81.9±12.3		80.8±10.4		82.1±12.6		.616
Total cholesterol (M±SD mg/dl)	182.4±44.7		177.6±40.7		183.4±45.5		.531
Low-density lipoprotein	109.6±37.3		118.4±38.6		108.1±37.1		.244
High-density lipoprotein	41.9±15.6		40.5±10.8		42.2±16.3		.589
Triglycerides	178.0±115.4		150.5±106.7		183.3±116.6		.170
Elevated risk of hypertensione	64	34	8	29	56	35	.522
Medications
Number of psychotropic medications (M±SD)	2.1±1.1		2.0±1.1		2.1±1.1		.467
Weight gain propensity							.530
Highf	69	38	8	31	61	39
Mediumg	71	39	9	35	62	40
Lowh	32	18	7	27	25	16
None	11	6	2	8	9	6

^aThe age groups were compared by using chi-square tests for categorical variables and t tests for continuous variables.

^bBody mass index was measured as kg/m², with >25 kg/m² indicating excess weight.

^cFitness was measured with the 6-Minute Walk Test (6-MWT), which measures the distance (feet) that a participant walks in six minutes. Higher values indicate better fitness.

^dPhysical activity was measured with the short-form International Physical Activity Questionnaire, which measures respondent’s total self-reported activity in minutes and converts this value to a weighted estimate of metabolic equivalent expenditure (MET-min) per week. Higher values indicate greater participation in physical activity.

^eSystolic blood pressure >140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure >90 mmHg

^fOlanzapine and clozapine

^gHaloperidol, risperidone, quetiapine, thioridazine, chlorpromazine, paroxetine, amitriptyline, divalproex, valproate, doxepin, lithium, carbamazepine, imipramine, and gabapentin

^hZiprasidone, perphenazine, fluphenazine, fluoxetine, bupropion, venlafaxine, molindone, lamotrigine, duloxetine, aripiprazole, fluvoxamine, trazodone, desipramine, loxapine, sertraline, escitalopram, clomipramine, nortriptyline, citalopram, paliperidone, topiramate, mirtazapine, and lurasidone