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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 May 10.
Published in final edited form as: Annu Rev Physiol. 2015 Nov 30;78:67–83. doi: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-021115-104929

Figure 3.

Figure 3

The ESCRT (endosomal sorting complexes required for transport) pathway is the mechanism by which molecular payload populates the multivesicular body (MVB). Although exosomes do not fully utilize the ESCRT machinery, here the four ESCRT complexes are shown. ESCRT 0 complex proteins (B represents a ubiquitin group bound to a protein substrate) recognize ubiquitinated protein products and concentrate them in microdomains by using clathrin molecules and recruit ESCRT I, which in turn recruits ESCRT II and triggers membrane involution. ESCRT III complexes form circular filaments and cause further invagination of the membrane and ultimately both membrane abscission and budding of the proteins into the lumen of the endosome and the elimination of ubiquitin outside the endosome.