Table 1.

Lowest effect levels (LELs) for compounds that cause ISV and PVC perturbations in zebrafish by quantitative image analysis

Chemical name	LEL for ISV perturbations (µM)	Embryos with perturbed ISVs at LEL (%)	LEL for CVP perturbations (µM)	Embryos with perturbed CVP at LEL (%)	Effect by visual determination
2-methyl-4-chloro phenoxyacetic acid	No effect*		10	18	PE
Abamectin	1	100	1	10	PE
Allethrin	10	67	1	20	PE, BC
Butafenacil	No effect		No effect		PE
Chlorpyrifos oxon	No effect		No effect		CVP
Cyazofamid	0.5	44	0.5	56	CVP
Cymoxanil	20	12	10	86	CVP, PE, BC
Dibutyl phthalate	No effect		No effect		CVP
Dimethomorph	No effect		20	11	CVP
Diniconazole	5	14	5	14	DA/PCV, PE
Endosulfan	1	42	0.01	28	CVP
Esbiol (S- Bioallethrin)	5	12	1	10	CVP
Esfenvalerate	0.5	12	0.25	38	CVP
Ethofumesate	No effect		1	10	CVP, PE
Fenpyroximate (Z,E)	No effect		0.25	90	ISV
Flumetralin	No effect		No effect		CVP
Indoxacarb	20	12	10	38	CVP
Lactofen	No effect		No effect		PE
Malaoxon	No effect		0.5	20	CVP
Methomyl	10		1	15	CVP
Niclosamide	No effect		0.5	11	ISV
Oryzalin	0.1	28	10	28	CVP
Pendimethalin	1	10	1	40	CVP
Pyraclostrobin	0.35	89	0.25	11	ISV, CVP
Pyridaben	0.1	11	0.25	40	ISV
Quinoxyfen	No effect		No effect		CVP
Resmethrin	10	20	0.25	29	CVP
Rotenone	0.025	33	0.02	33	ISV, CVP
Tebufenpyrad	0.5	90	0.25	23	CVP
Tebupirimfos	10	20	20	25	ISV, CVP, BC
Tetramethrin	0.5	14	0.5	14	PE
Thiodicarb	10	17	10	67	CVP, PE
Tribufos	1	14	0.1	27	CVP
Trifloxystrobin	0.25	17	0.35	42	ISV, CVP

^*Compounds with “No effect” were initially found to cause vascular disruption via visual assessment, but not via automated image analysis.

PE=Pericardial edema; BC=Blood clot, accumulation or hemorrhage; CVP=Caudal vein plexus phenotype; ISV=Intersegmental vessel phenotype; DA=Dorsal aorta; PCV=Posterior cardinal vein