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. 2016 Mar;23(10):1062–1081. doi: 10.2174/0929867323666160304150522

Fig. (3).

Fig. (3)

An illustration of the competitive pathways of drug uptake and efflux traversing the lipopolysaccharide bilayer and the outer and inner cell membranes of Gram-negative pathogens. The active extrusion of drug molecules occurs via single and multi-component efflux pumps, where the multi-component tripartite complex comprises a membrane fusion protein, an efflux protein pump in the inner membrane and an outer membrane protein.