Table 2. Baseline characteristics of KTRs with stable renal function and KTRs who underwent indication biopsy based on the sum scores of MI.
| Variables | Control (n = 82) | MI = 0 (n = 11) | MI ≥ 1 (n = 13) | P value* | P value† |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male sex | 49 (59.8) | 9 (81.8) | 7 (53.8) | 0.766 | 0.211 |
| Mean age, yr | 45.8 ± 10.8 | 44.1 ± 15.3 | 47.9 ± 9.6 | 0.486 | 0.471 |
| Underlying kidney disease | 0.002 | 0.176 | |||
| Chronic glomerulonephritis | 50 (61.0) | 5 (45.5) | 9 (69.2) | ||
| Diabetes | 20 (24.4) | 3 (27.3) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Hypertensive nephrosclerosis | 5 (6.1) | 1 (9.1) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Cystic disease | 0 (0.0) | 1 (9.1) | 3 (23.1) | ||
| Others | 7 (8.5) | 1 (9.1) | 1 (7.7) | ||
| Living donor transplantation | 64 (78.0) | 8 (72.7) | 8 (61.5) | 0.293 | 0.679 |
| Cross-match positive KT | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (7.7) | 0.137 | 1.000 |
| ABO incompatible KT | 0 (0.0) | 1 (9.1) | 1 (9.1) | 0.137 | 1.000 |
| HLA mismatch number | |||||
| Total | 3 (0–6) | 3 (2–6) | 3 (0–6) | 0.298 | 0.691 |
| DR | 1 (0–2) | 1 (0–2) | 1 (0–2) | 0.981 | 0.608 |
| CNI | 0.048 | 1.000 | |||
| Tacrolimus | 81 (98.8) | 10 (90.9) | 11 (84.6) | ||
| Cyclosporine | 1 (1.2) | 1 (9.1) | 2 (15.4) | ||
| g + ptc-score | - | - | 3.08 ± 1.55 | - | - |
| De novo DSA, % | - | 2 (20.0) | 6 (46.2) | - | 0.184 |
| De novo DSA intensity, MFI | - | 1,203 (1,013–1,393) | 11,512 (5,007–19,882) | - | 0.071 |
| Diagnosis (Banff 2013) | - | 0.004 | |||
| Normal | - | 6 (54.5) | 1 (7.7) | ||
| TCMR | - | 1 (9.1) | 5 (38.5) | ||
| Acute AMR | - | 0 (0.0) | 5 (38.5) | ||
| Chronic active AMR | - | 0 (0.0) | 1 (7.7) | ||
| Others | - | 4 (36.4) | 1 (7.7) | ||
| C4d positive AMR | - | - | 2 (15.4) | - | - |
| C-reactive protein, mg/dL | - | 0.09 (0.01–4.01) | 0.09 (0.04–3.91) | - | 0.861 |
Values are shown as mean ± standard deviation (Student's t-test), median (range; Mann-Whitney U test), or frequency (percentage). Others include chronic CNI toxicity (n = 2), acute and chronic interstitial nephritis (n = 1), BK virus nephropathy (n = 1), and chronic transplant glomerulopathy (n = 1).
KTRs = kidney transplant recipients, MI = microcirculation inflammation, KT = kidney transplantation, HLA = human leukocyte antigen, DR = antigen D related, CNI = calcineurin inhibitor, g = glomerulitis, ptc = peritubular capillaritis, DSA = donor-specific antibody, MFI = mean fluorescence intensity, TCMR = T cell mediated rejection, AMR = antibody-mediated rejection.
*Significance of the difference between normal control and MI ≥ 1. †Significance of the difference between MI = 0 and MI ≥ 1.