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. 2017 May 11;12(5):e0177269. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177269

Fig 4. FOS or dead L. salivarius feeding reversed diabetes-induced iNOS expression of the intestinal mucosa, plasma NO levels in the portal vein, and IL-1β as well as TNF-α expression of the Kupffer cells in STZ-DM mice.

Fig 4

(A) STZ-DM demonstrated a significant increase of iNOS protein expression of the intestinal mucosa as examined by Western blotting and FOS or dead L. salivarius feeding significantly decreased it. (B) STZ-DM demonstrated a significant increase of plasma NO levels of the portal vein as measured by Griess reagents and FOS or dead L. salivarius feeding significantly decreased them. (C) STZ-DM demonstrated a significant increase of IL-1β and TNF-α expression of Kupffer cells and FOS feeding significantly decreased them. STZ, streptozotocin; DM, diabetes mellitus; FOS, fructooligosaccharides; dLac, dead L. salivarius. *, P< 0.05; **, P< 0.01; ***, < 0.001. n = 6/group.