Table 2.
Clinical characteristics of adolescents with type 1 diabetes
| Variables | ISPAD/ADA goals attained at baseline | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1–3 goals (n=75) |
4–6 goals (n=222) |
||
| Age (years) | 16.5±2.2 | 15.1±2.0 | <0.0001 |
| Male sex (%) | 44.0% (32.6%–56.0%) | 53.2% (46.4%–60.0%) | NS |
| Race-Ethnicity (% NHW) | 76.0% (64.8%–85.1%) | 87.8% (82.8%–91.8%) | NS |
| Duration (years) | 8.7±3.0 | 8.7±3.0 | NS |
| BMI (percentile) | 86±19 | 65±22 | <0.0001 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 118±8 | 111±8 | <0.0001 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 73±7 | 67±6 | <0.0001 |
| HbA1c (%) | 9.6±1.7 | 8.7±1.5 | <0.0001 |
| HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 81.4±16.2 | 71.6±14.0 | <0.0001 |
| Tanner stage (% 4–5) | 92.0% (83.4%–97.0%) | 74.8% (68.5%–80.4%) | 0.0015 |
| PWV at baseline (m/s) | 5.7±0.7 | 5.2±0.6 | <0.0001 |
| PWV at follow-up (m/s) | 6.1±0.8 | 5.7±0.7 | 0.0001 |
| BrachD at baseline (%/mm Hg) | 6.4±1.1 | 6.9±1.3 | 0.004 |
| BrachD at follow-up (%/mm Hg) | 6.6±1.2 | 6.7±1.2 | NS |
| AIx* HR75 at baseline (%) | 2.0 (−2.7–9.0) | 2.7 (−3.0–9.0) | NS |
| AIx* HR75 at follow-up (%) | 6.5 (−0.8–10.5) | 4.7 (−2.2–10.0) | NS |
| Baseline ACR* (mg/g) | 7.0 (4.9–14.6) | 7.3 (4.3–12.7) | NS |
| Follow-up ACR* (mg/g) | 7.2 (4.1–15.7) | 5.8 (4.2–13.1) | NS |
| Baseline eGFR by Schwartz (mL/min/1.73m2) | 109±21 | 108±20 | NS |
| Follow-up eGFR by Schwartz (mL/min/1.73m2) | 109±23 | 99±15 | 0.0003 |
| Baseline eGFR by Bouvet (mL/min/1.73m2) | 134±22 | 116±17 | <0.0001 |
Data are presented as mean ± SD or % (95% CI).
*
Median and interquartile range (IQR)