Table 4.
Clinical characteristics of adolescents with type 1 diabetes who attained 4–6 goals at baseline and non-diabetic adolescents
| Variables | Non-diabetic adolescents (n=96) |
Adolescents with type 1 diabetes who attained 4–6 goals (n=222) |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 15.3±2.0 | 15.1±2.0 | NS |
| Male sex (%) | 49.0% (38.6%–59.4%) | 53.2% (46.4%–59.9%) | NS |
| Race-Ethnicity (% NHW) | 82.1% (69.6%–91.1%) | 92.0% (86.4%–95.8% | 0.04 |
| Duration (years) | – | 8.7±3.0 | – |
| BMI (percentile) | 59±29 | 65±22 | NS |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 109±9 | 111±8 | 0.02 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 64±6 | 67±6 | <0.0001 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.3±0.3 | 8.7±1.5 | <0.0001 |
| HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 34.4±2.1 | 71.6±14.0 | <0.0001 |
| Tanner stage (% 4–5) | 72.3% (62.2%–81.1%) | 74.7% (68.5%–80.4%) | NS |
| PWV at baseline (m/s) | 5.2±0.6 | 5.2±0.6 | NS |
| PWV at follow-up (m/s) | 5.5±0.7 | 5.7±0.7 | NS |
| BrachD at baseline (%/mm Hg) | 6.9±1.4 | 6.9±1.3 | NS |
| BrachD at follow-up (%/mm Hg) | 6.7±1.5 | 6.7±1.2 | NS |
| AIx* HR75 at baseline (%) | 1.7(−5.3–9) | 2.7 (−3.0–9.0) | NS |
| AIx* HR75 at follow-up (%) | 2.7 (−2.7–8) | 4.7 (−2.2–10.0) | NS |
| Baseline ACR* (mg/g) | 7.6 (4.2–16.0) | 7.3 (4.3–12.7) | NS |
| Follow-up ACR* (mg/g) | 6.3 (3.6–14.5) | 5.8 (4.2–13.1) | NS |
| Baseline eGFR by Schwartz (mL/min/1.73m2) | 100±17 | 108±20 | 0.0005 |
| Follow-up eGFR by Schwartz (mL/min/1.73m2) | 96±14 | 99±15 | NS |
| Baseline eGFR by Bouvet (mL/min/1.73m2) | 113±16 | 116±17 | NS |
*
Median and interquartile range (IQR) or % (95% CI).