Table 4.
Factors associated with institutionalization willingness among single female seniors in rural Shandong, China, 2012 (n = 312)
| Characteristics | Willingness for institutionalization | ORc (95% CI) | p | ORa (95%CI) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes (%) | No (%) | |||||
| n = 312 | 11(3.5) | 301(96.5) | ||||
| Age | NA | |||||
| 60- | 5(3.8) | 125(96.2) | 1.0 | |||
| 70- | 6(4.3) | 132(95.7) | 1.14(0.34-3.82) | 0.836 | ||
| 80- | 0(0.0) | 44(100.0) | 0.000(0.000) | 0.998 | ||
| Education | NA | |||||
| Illiteracy or semiliterate | 9(3.4) | 255(96.6) | 1.0 | |||
| Primary school | 2(5.6) | 34(94.4) | 1.67(0.35-8.04) | 0.525 | ||
| Junior school or above | 0(0.0) | 12(100.0) | 0.000(0.000) | 0.999 | ||
| Past occupation | NA | |||||
| Farmer | 11(3.7) | 286(96.3) | 1.0 | |||
| Others | 0(0.0) | 15(100.0) | 0.000(0.000) | 0.999 | ||
| Living arrangements | ||||||
| Alone | 10(11.6) | 76(88.4) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| With children or others | 1(0.4) | 225(99.6) | 0.03(0.00-0.27) | 0.001 | 0.002 | |
| Number of children | NA | |||||
| ≤ 3 | 7(4.2) | 161(95.8) | 1.0 | |||
| > 3 | 4(2.8) | 140(97.2) | 0.66(0.19-2.30) | 0.510 | ||
| Relationship with children | ||||||
| Good | 5(1.8) | 271(98.2) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| Normal or bad | 6(16.7) | 30(83.3) | 10.84(3.12-37.66) | 0.000 | 4.49(0.92-20.35) | 0.051 |
| Social support | 11(3.5) | 301(96.5) | 0.91(0.83-1.01) | 0.082 | NA | |
| Self-reported health status | NA | |||||
| Good | 3(1.9) | 155(98.1) | 1.0 | |||
| Normal or bad | 8(5.2) | 146(94.8) | 2.83(0.74-10.88) | 0.130 | ||
| Psychological stress | 11(3.5) | 301(96.5) | 1.15(1.06-1.24) | 0.001 | 1.14(1.03-1.27) | 0.013 |
| ADLa | ||||||
| I | 2(1.4) | 137(98.6) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| II | 7(7.1) | 91(92.9) | 5.27(1.07-25.93) | 0.041 | 4.08(0.63-26.19) | 0.139 |
| III | 2(2.7) | 73(97.3) | 1.88(0.260-13.60) | 0.533 | 0.57(0.05-5.90) | 0.635 |
| NCDb | NA | |||||
| Yes | 7(3.1) | 218(96.9) | 1.0 | |||
| NO | 4(4.6) | 83(95.4) | 1.50(0.43-5.26) | 0.526 | ||
| Incomec | NA | |||||
| Q1 | 9(6.3) | 135(93.8) | 1.0 | |||
| Q2 | 2(2.8) | 69(97.2) | 0.44(0.09-2.07) | 0.295 | ||
| Q3 | 0(0.0) | 66(100.0) | 0.000(0.000) | 0.997 | ||
| Q4 | 0(0.0) | 31(100.0) | 0.000(0.000) | 0.998 | ||
| Per-capita living space | 11(3.5) | 301(96.5) | 1.02(1.00-1.03) | 0.020 | 1.00(0.98-1.03) | 0.723 |
ORc: crude odds ratio
ORa : adjusted odds ratio
aADL means activity of daily living
bNCD means non-communicable chronic diseases
cQuartile 1 (Q1) is the poorest and Quartile 4 (Q4) is the richest