Table 2. EASL-EORTC recommendations with further revisions of non-invasive diagnostic criteria of HCC.
2001 | Diagnosis of HCC larger than 20 mm on basis of strong enhancement after intravenous contrast agent administration in HAP in two out of four following imaging modalities: multiphase CT, DCE-MRI, angiography and CEUS or in one mentioned imaging modality if the AFP serum levels exceeded 400 ng/mL. |
2005 | • Introduction of a new radiological enhancement pattern of HCC - a strong uptake of contrast agent in HAP and its subsequent wash-out in PVP/EP, • Diagnosis of HCC measuring 10 to 20 mm required confirmation of the typical enhancement pattern in two imaging modalities (multiphase CT, DCE-MRI and CEUS), • Diagnosis of HCC larger than 20 mm - confirmation in one imaging modality, • Removal of evaluation of serum APF level from diagnostic algorithm. |
2012 | • Exclusion of CEUS from diagnostic algorithm, • Confirmation of the efficacy and maintenance the other criteria for the diagnosis of HCC in multiphase CT, DCE-MRI. |
AFP - alpha-fetoprotein, CEUS - contrast enhanced ultrasonography, CT - computed tomography, DCE-MRI - dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resoanace imaging, EP - equilibrium phase, HAP - hepatic arterial phase, HCC - hepatocellular carcinoma, PVP - portal venous phase.