Fig. 4.

C2 domain of PKCα docked onto the surface of membranes without (left) and with (right) PIP₂. The C2 domain of PKCα is represented as a ribbon model in blue by using the PDB codes 1DSY(left) (Verdaguer et al. 1999) and 3GPE (right) (Guerrero-Valero et al. 2009). The lipid membrane corresponds to a phosphatidylcholine (POPC) molecular dynamics simulation (POPC128A) (Hoff et al. 2005) and is represented as a stick model with carbon in gray, nitrogen in blue and oxygen in red. The headgroups of the two anionic phospholipids, phosphatidylserine (POPS) and PIP₂ led us to dock the domain in the hydrophilic region of the membrane bilayer. It can be observed that in the presence of PIP₂, the angle formed by the axes of the protein with the normal to the bilayer increases. Figure prepared with PyMOL (DeLano Scientific LLC, San Francisco, CA)