Figure 5.

The 500-MHz hydrogen-1 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of urine from (A) a healthy (control) subject, and (B) a lung cancer patient. Signal assignment: 1, α-hydroxybutyrate; 2, valine; 3, isobutyrate; 4, β-aminoisobutyrate; 5, methyl-β-hydroxybutyrate; 6, β-hydroxyisovalerate; 7, lactic acid and threonine; 8, α-hydroxyisobutyrate; 9, alanine; 10, N-acetylglutamine; 11, pyruvate; 12, succinate; 13, α-ketoglutarate; 14, citrate; 15, dimethylamine; 16, creatinine; 17, trimethylamine N-oxide and betaine; 18, scyllo-inositol; 19, glycine; 20, hippurate; 21, trigonelline; 22, p-hydroxyphenylacetate; 23, phenylacetylglycine; 24, histidine; 25, 3-methylhisitidine; 26, formate; 27, trigonellinamide.84