Figure 4.

(A) Changes in RhoA activity following exposure to SMG for 72 h and 10 days. The image is representative of two independent experiments, each performed in duplicate. The band intensities of RhoA-GTP in SMG are plotted as a percentage relative to gravity controls. *P<0.05 vs. NG group. (B) PPARγ2 and ALP mRNA expression levels measured by semi quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction following 10 days SMG and inhibition of RhoA signaling. *P<0.05 vs. no drug group. (C) (a) Osteopontin expression was detected by fluorescence immunocytochemistry to examine the efficiency of osteogenesis and (b) Oil Red O staining was used to examine the efficiency of adipogenic induction. The inhibitor drug group abrogated osteogenic media-induced osteogenesis, and redirected cells to the adipogenic differentiation program. RhoA, ras homolog family member A; SMG, simulated microgravity; GTP, guanosine triphosphate; NG, normal gravity; PPARγ2, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ2; ALP, alkaline phosphatase.