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. 2017 Apr 4;7:599. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-00635-5

Table 2.

Stratified meta-analyses of vegetables and fruits intake and all cause mortality in breast cancer cases.

Pre-diagnosis Post-diagnosis
n HR (95% CI) Ph, I2 (%) Pd n HR (95% CI) Ph, I2 (%) Pd
Vegetables intake
All 4 0.96 (0.71–1.30) 0.121, 48.6 3 1.08 (0.75–1.55) 0.098, 56.9
Menopausal status
Pre-menopausal 1 1.40 (0.71–2.76) 0.408 0
Postmenopausal 3 0.86 (0.59–1.25) 0.092, 58.1 0
Intake dose*
Low 2 1.12 (0.85–1.48) 0.676; 0 0.401 1 1.44 (0.91–2.27) 0.438
High 2 0.79 (0.43–1.45) 0.053; 73.4 2 0.94 (0.65–1.36) 0.184, 43.3
Adjustments
Clinical characteristics 2 0.81 (0.43–1.53) 0.029, 79.0 0.483 3 1.08 (0.75–1.55) 0.098, 56.9
Treatment 1 1.28 (0.64–2.55) 0.560 2 1.31 (0.95–1.82) 0.569, 0 0.286
BMI 1 1.28 (0.64–2.55) 0.560 2 1.05 (0.60–1.85) 0.042, 75.7 0.852
Smoking 1 1.28 (0.64–2.55) 0.560 2 1.05 (0.60–1.85) 0.042, 75.7 0.852
Physical activity 0 1 1.44 (0.91–2.27) 0.438
Fruits intake
All 4 0.83 (0.67–1.02) 0.685, 0 3 1.04 (0.77–1.42) 0.186, 40.6
Menopausal status
Premenopausal 1 1.10 (0.48–2.52) 0.543 0
Postmenopausal 3 0.80 (0.64–1.01) 0.582, 0 0
Intake dose* 0.432
Low 2 0.85 (0.64–1.14) 0.826, 0 0.795 1 1.38 (0.88–2.17)
High 2 0.79 (0.55–1.05) 0.245, 26.2 2 0.94 (0.68–1.30) 0.232, 29.9
Adjustments
Clinical characteristics 2 0.77 (0.59–1.02) 0.348, 0 0.517 3 1.04 (0.77–1.42) 0.186, 40.6
Treatment 1 0.91 (0.48–1.72) 0.790 2 1.03 (0.57–1.84) 0.068, 70.0 0.487
BMI 1 0.91 (0.48–1.72) 0.790 2 1.17 (0.90–1.53) 0.372, 0 0.355
Smoking 1 0.91 (0.48–1.72) 0.790 2 1.17 (0.90–1.53) 0.372, 0 0.355
Physical activity 0 1 1.38 (0.88–2.17) 0.432

*High, the highest level of vegetable/fruit intake: ≥3.1 servings/d; Low, the highest level of vegetable/fruit intake >1.8 servings/d.

Ph, P values for between-study heterogeneity; Pd, P values for the differences between subgroups.