Table 2.

Stratified meta-analyses of vegetables and fruits intake and all cause mortality in breast cancer cases.

	Pre-diagnosis				Post-diagnosis
	n	HR (95% CI)	Ph, I2 (%)	Pd	n	HR (95% CI)	Ph, I2 (%)	Pd
Vegetables intake
All	4	0.96 (0.71–1.30)	0.121, 48.6		3	1.08 (0.75–1.55)	0.098, 56.9
Menopausal status
Pre-menopausal	1	1.40 (0.71–2.76)	—	0.408	0
Postmenopausal	3	0.86 (0.59–1.25)	0.092, 58.1		0
Intake dose*
Low	2	1.12 (0.85–1.48)	0.676; 0	0.401	1	1.44 (0.91–2.27)	—	0.438
High	2	0.79 (0.43–1.45)	0.053; 73.4		2	0.94 (0.65–1.36)	0.184, 43.3
Adjustments
Clinical characteristics	2	0.81 (0.43–1.53)	0.029, 79.0	0.483	3	1.08 (0.75–1.55)	0.098, 56.9	—
Treatment	1	1.28 (0.64–2.55)	—	0.560	2	1.31 (0.95–1.82)	0.569, 0	0.286
BMI	1	1.28 (0.64–2.55)	—	0.560	2	1.05 (0.60–1.85)	0.042, 75.7	0.852
Smoking	1	1.28 (0.64–2.55)	—	0.560	2	1.05 (0.60–1.85)	0.042, 75.7	0.852
Physical activity	0				1	1.44 (0.91–2.27)	—	0.438
Fruits intake
All	4	0.83 (0.67–1.02)	0.685, 0		3	1.04 (0.77–1.42)	0.186, 40.6
Menopausal status
Premenopausal	1	1.10 (0.48–2.52)	—	0.543	0
Postmenopausal	3	0.80 (0.64–1.01)	0.582, 0		0
Intake dose*								0.432
Low	2	0.85 (0.64–1.14)	0.826, 0	0.795	1	1.38 (0.88–2.17)	—
High	2	0.79 (0.55–1.05)	0.245, 26.2		2	0.94 (0.68–1.30)	0.232, 29.9
Adjustments
Clinical characteristics	2	0.77 (0.59–1.02)	0.348, 0	0.517	3	1.04 (0.77–1.42)	0.186, 40.6	—
Treatment	1	0.91 (0.48–1.72)	—	0.790	2	1.03 (0.57–1.84)	0.068, 70.0	0.487
BMI	1	0.91 (0.48–1.72)	—	0.790	2	1.17 (0.90–1.53)	0.372, 0	0.355
Smoking	1	0.91 (0.48–1.72)	—	0.790	2	1.17 (0.90–1.53)	0.372, 0	0.355
Physical activity	0				1	1.38 (0.88–2.17)	—	0.432

^*High, the highest level of vegetable/fruit intake: ≥3.1 servings/d; Low, the highest level of vegetable/fruit intake >1.8 servings/d.

P_h, P values for between-study heterogeneity; P_d, P values for the differences between subgroups.