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. 2017 May 12;12(5):e0176466. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176466

Fig 2. Skeletal reference points, lines and angles.

Fig 2

Reference points: S: The center of sella turcica, N: Nasion, Sp: Spina, the apex of the anterior nasal spine, Pm: Pterygomaxillare, A: The most concave point of anterior maxilla, B: The most concave point on mandibular symphysis, Gn: Gnathion, the lowest point in the lower border of the mandible in the median plane, Go: Gonion, the most posterior inferior point on angle of mandible. Reference lines: SN, SpPm (NL), ML: The mandibular line. Reference angles: SNA, SNB, SN/SpPm, SN/ML.