Table 1. Baseline characteristics of the study population, stratified by sex.
| Variable | Women (N = 2148) | Men (N = 1962) | P* |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 48.8 (16.1) | 49.5 (16.3) | 0.14 |
| Age range, years | 20–81 | 20–81 | - |
| Total Testosterone, nmol/L | 0.8 (0.6; 1.1) | 14.8 (11.4; 19.1) | < 0.01 |
| SHBG, nmol/L | 83.2 (57.9; 123.9) | 46.5 (34.1; 61.2) | < 0.01 |
| Calculated Free Testosterone, nmol/L | 0.006 (0.004; 0.01) | 0.24 (0.19; 0.30) | < 0.01 |
| Androstenedione, nmol/L | 1.6 (1.0; 2.5) | 1.9 (1.4; 2.5) | < 0.01 |
| Body Mass Index, kg/m2 | 26.9 (5.3) | 27.6 (4.0) | < 0.01 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 83.1 (13.1) | 95.5 (11.7) | < 0.01 |
| Current smoking, % | 26.9 | 35.6 | < 0.01 |
| Physically inactive, % | 56.5 | 58.3 | 0.2 |
| Alcohol consumption, g/day | 3.1 (0.7; 7.8) | 11.4 (3.3; 26.8) | < 0.01 |
| Oral contraceptive use, % | 20.2 | - | - |
| Hormone replacement therapy, % | 20.7 | - | - |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 129.9 (21.3) | 142.4 (19.4) | < 0.01 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 80.9 (10.7) | 86.1 (11.4) | < 0.01 |
| Antihypertensive medication, % | 24.3 | 24.9 | 0.6 |
| Hypertension, % | 42.1 | 62.3 | < 0.01 |
| Antidepressive medication, % | 2.7 | 1.2 | 0.01 |
| Depressive symptoms, N | |||
| Baseline | 370 (17.2) | 156 (7.9) | < 0.01 |
| 5-year follow-up | 166 (10.0) | 73 (5.0) | < 0.01 |
| 10-year follow-up | 114 (9.5) | 63 (3.5) | < 0.01 |
| Mini mental status, N, score | |||
| Baseline | 588; 26 (24; 28) | 572; 26 (23; 28) | 0.5 |
| 5-year follow-up | 634; 28 (26;29) | 573; 28 (27;29) | 0.3 |
| 10-year follow-up | 521; 29 (27;30) | 465; 29 (27;29) | 0.4 |
Data are absolute numbers (percentages), mean (SD) or median (Q1, Q3). Oral contraceptive use was defined according to Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification code G03AA/B/C/D. Values of sex hormones are reported based on availability of each hormone. Total testosterone: women N = 1642, men N = 1555; SHBG: women N = 1982, men N = 1826; androstenedione: women N = 1704, men N = 1517; free testosterone: women N = 1525, men N = 1448.
*Statistical comparisons were performed with χ 2 test (nominal data) or Mann-Whitney-U-test (continuous data).
SHBG, sex hormone-binding globulin.