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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Pharmacol Ther. 2017 Feb 7;174:27–42. doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.02.016

Figure 1. Model for DNA vaccine mechanism of action.

Figure 1

Shown is a schema of the presumed mechanism of action of DNA vaccines acting by either direct antigen presentation or crosspresentation following cellular uptake. Highlighted are areas of potential intervention, discussed in this review, to increase the resulting cellular immune response.