Table 1.
Main tannin families and related food sources
| Tannins (mg·100 g−1 or mg·100 mL−1) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Species | Proanthocyanidins | Ellagitannins | Gallotannins | |
| Fruits | ||||
| Cranberries | Vaccinium oxycoccus L. | 194–496 | — | — |
| Chokeberries | Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott | 553–2106 | — | — |
| Plums | Prunus domestica L. | 32–334 | — | — |
| Black diamond | Prunus spp | 210–267 | — | — |
| Blueberries | Vaccinium myrtillus L. | 87–274 | — | — |
| – | Vaccinium corymbosum L. | 311–335 | — | — |
| Black currants | Riges nigrum L. | 105–255 | 3–6 | — |
| Red currants | Ribes rubrum L. | 30–61 | — | — |
| Blackberries | Rubus fructicosus L. | 5–46 | 150–270 | — |
| Crowberries | Empetrum nigrum L. | 153–173 | — | — |
| Lingonberries | Vaccinium vitis‐idaea L. | 175–545 | — | — |
| Red Grapes | Vitis Labrusca L. | 8–75 | — | — |
| Grape seeds | Vitis Vinifera L. | 2180–6050 | — | — |
| Strawberries | Fragaria × ananassa Duchesne | 15–183 | 71–83 | — |
| Peaches | Prunus persica L. | 29–110 | — | — |
| Apricot | Prunus armeniaca L. | 8–73 | — | — |
| Raspberries | Rubus occidentalis L. | 3–74 | 160–326 | — |
| Pears | Pyrus communis L. | 5–81 | — | — |
| Apple | Malus domestica Borkh. | 46–278 | — | — |
| Pomegranate | Punica granatum L. | — | 58–177 | — |
| Guava | Pisidium spp. | — | 20–25 | — |
| Mango | Mangifera indica L. | — | — | 30–160 |
| Juices | ||||
| Cranberry | – | 20–21 | — | — |
| Apple | – | 52–69 | — | — |
| Grape | – | 45–47 | — | — |
| Nuts | ||||
| Almonds | Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A.Webb | 67–257 | — | 20–34 |
| Hazelnuts | Corylus spp. | 125–645 | — | — |
| Pecans | Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K.Koch | 238–695 | 11–33 | — |
| Pistachio nuts | Pistacia vera L. | 113–271 | — | — |
| Walnuts | Juglans regia L. | 35–87 | 36–59 | — |
| Legumes | ||||
| Beans | Phaseolous vulgaris L. | 5–830 | — | — |
| Carob fibre | Ceratonia siliqua L. | 1–19 | — | — |
| Cowpeas | Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. | 17–319 | — | — |
| Lentils | Lens culinaris Medik. | 1–2 | — | — |
| Peanuts | Arachis hypogaea L. | 121–141 | — | — |
| Cereal grains | ||||
| Barley | Hordeum vulgare L. | 59–153 | — | — |
| Buckwheat | Fagopyrum esculentum Moench | 4–46 | — | — |
| Sorghum | Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench | 413–5333 | — | — |
| Rice | Oryza sativa L. | 9–91 | — | — |
| Beverages | ||||
| Wine | – | 1–53 | 2–5 | — |
| Tea | – | 1–5 | — | — |
| Cacao beans | Theobroma cacao L. | 6100–8100 | — | — |
| Chocolate | – | 828–1332 | — | — |