Table 2.
Characteristics (mean and standard deviation) of Genetic Risk Scores (GRS) and associationsa of GRSs with lipoprotein phenotypes
| Lipoprotein fractions | European–Americans (n = 2506) | African–Americans (n = 1610) | Hispanic–Americans (n = 1448) | Chinese–Americans (n = 775) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β | P | Q | GRS mean (SD) | β | P | Q | GRS mean (SD) | β | P | Q | GRS mean (SD) | β | P | Q | GRS mean (SD) | ||
| VLDL | |||||||||||||||||
| Large | 0.10 | 7.14 × 10 −8 | 1.9 × 10 −7 | 7.84 (1.32) | 0.03 | 0.15 | 0.17 | 8.39 (1.37) | 0.09 | 4.27 × 10 −5 | 6.37 × 10 −5 | 7.79 (1.36) | 2.28 × 10−5 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 7.40 (1.22) | |
| Medium | 0.13 | 3.4 × 10 −9 | 7.3 × 10 −9 | 12.14 (1.70) | 0.09 | 0.002 | 0.003 | 11.73 (1.62) | 0.16 | 4.3 × 10 −9 | 1.63 × 10 −8 | 11.97 (1.72) | 0.01 | 0.80 | 1.00 | 11.90 (1.57) | |
| Small | 0.07 | 1.24 × 10 −4 | 1.43 × 10 −4 | 15.10 (1.96) | 0.03 | 0.22 | 0.23 | 14.51 (1.97) | 0.09 | 1.06 × 10 −4 | 1.33 × 10 −4 | 15.03 (1.98) | −0.002 | 0.94 | 1.00 | 15.61 (1.77) | |
| Total | 0.11 | 2.64 × 10 −6 | 3.60 × 10 −6 | 14.68 (1.88) | 0.06 | 0.04 | 0.05* | 14.33 (1.82) | 0.18 | 2 × 10 −10 | 1.2 × 10 −9 | 13.99 (1.94) | −0.01 | 0.81 | 1.00 | 13.81 (1.82) | |
| IDL | |||||||||||||||||
| Total | 0.21 | 4.38 × 10 −4 | 4.69 × 10 −4 | 4.30 (1.44) | 0.15 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 4.58 (1.48) | 0.17 | 0.04 | 0.05* | 4.45 (1.42) | 0.39 | 3.52 × 10 −4 | 0.005 | 4.68 (1.39) | |
| LDL | |||||||||||||||||
| Large | 16.64 | <1 × 10 −10 | <1 × 10 −10 | 16.91 (2.06) | 15.36 | 2.86 × 10 −7 | 2.15 × 10 −6 | 18.25 (2.00) | 17.58 | 6.06 × 10 −8 | 1.30 × 10 −7 | 16.89 (2.12) | 5.79 | 0.19 | 0.48 | 17.38 (1.88) | |
| Small | 20.10 | <1 × 10 −10 | <1 × 10 −10 | 11.71 (2.28) | 11.82 | 0.003 | 0.005 | 11.36 (2.21) | 22.91 | 1.41 × 10 −7 | 2.64 × 10 −7 | 11.10 (2.29) | 3.09 | 0.66 | 1.00 | 11.39 (1.85) | |
| Total | 0.26 | 5.70 × 10 −7 | 8.55 × 10 −7 | 13.29 (1.74) | 0.24 | 5.94 × 10 −4 | 0.001 | 11.81 (1.78) | 0.29 | 4.67 × 10 −5 | 6.37 × 10 −5 | 13.34 (1.86) | 0.02 | 0.87 | 1.00 | 13.95 (1.53) | |
| HDL | |||||||||||||||||
| Large | 0.07 | <1 × 10 −10 | <1 × 10 −10 | 8.33 (1.91) | 0.05 | 3 × 10 −10 | 4.1 × 10 −9 | 8.51 (1.76) | 0.06 | <1 × 10 −10 | <1 × 10 −10 | 7.86 (1.92) | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.08* | 6.77 (1.65) | |
| Medium | 0.06 | 3.27 × 10 −5 | 4.09 × 10 −5 | 3.69 (1.33) | 0.10 | 5.52 × 10 −6 | 2.76 × 10 −5 | 3.26 (0.99) | 0.02 | 0.18 | 0.18 | 4.45 (1.37) | 0.05 | 0.07 | 0.26 | 4.30 (1.11) | |
| Small | 0.58 | <1 × 10 −10 | <1 × 10 −10 | 4.07 (1.40) | 0.33 | 6.58 × 10 −4 | 0.001 | 5.04 (1.40) | 0.51 | 4.27 × 10 −8 | 1.07 × 10 −7 | 4.33 (1.50) | 0.35 | 0.01 | 0.08* | 5.22 (1.32) | |
| Total | 0.26 | 6.50 × 10 −4 | 6.50 × 10 −4 | 5.12 (1.60) | 0.24 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 5.37 (1.40) | 0.25 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 4.89 (1.54) | 0.25 | 0.13 | 0.41 | 4.63 (1.16) | |
| Diameters | |||||||||||||||||
| VLDL | 0.07 | 1.60 × 10 −8 | 3.00 × 10 −8 | 1.47 (0.98) | 0.004 | 0.75 | 0.75 | 1.17 (0.95) | 0.07 | 1.23 × 10 −6 | 2.04 × 10 −6 | 1.60 (1.09) | 0.02 | 0.36 | 0.78 | 1.55 (0.93) | |
| LDL | 0.04 | <1 × 10 −10 | 2 × 10 −10 | 12.01 (1.75) | 0.02 | 3.92 × 10 −4 | 0.001 | 11.68 (1.82) | 0.06 | <1 × 10 −10 | <1 × 10 −10 | 12.76 (1.89) | 0.004 | 0.68 | 1.00 | 12.95 (1.64) | |
| HDL | 0.04 | <1 × 10 −10 | <1 × 10 −10 | 9.94 (1.78) | 0.03 | 1.08 × 10 −5 | 4.05 × 10 −5 | 11.22 (1.68) | 0.03 | 2.70 × 10 −8 | 8.10 × 10 −8 | 10.53 (1.76) | 0.004 | 0.64 | 1.00 | 10.15 (1.68) | |
Significant results in bold
* Nominally significant results
aModels are adjusted for age, gender, BMI, current smoking status, study center, and principal components (PC1–PC4) in all ethnicities; models are additionally adjusted for Mexican/Non-Mexican status in Hispanic Americans