Table 1.
Demographic, clinical and psychosocial characteristics and hazardous alcohol use
| Variable | n (%) |
|---|---|
| Number of mothers | 580 |
| Demographic and clinical characteristics at first antenatal visit | |
| Median age in years [IQR] | 28.1 [24.7, 32.4] |
| Ethnicity – Black/African | 578 (99.7) |
| Educational attainment | |
| Primary/some secondary | 419 (72) |
| Completed secondary/any tertiary | 161 (28) |
| Currently employed | 222 (38) |
| Poverty level (assets + employment) | |
| Least disadvantaged | 183 (32) |
| Moderate disadvantage | 193 (33) |
| Most disadvantaged | 204 (35) |
| Single relationship status | 344 (59) |
| Unintended pregnancy | 411 (71) |
| Time of HIV diagnosis | |
| Before this pregnancy | 263 (45) |
| During this pregnancy | 317 (55) |
| Primigravida | 102 (18) |
| Median gestation in weeks [IQR] | 20 [16, 26] |
| Median log10 HIV viral load [IQR; copies/mL] | 4.0 [3.4, 4.6] |
| Median CD4 cell count [IQR; cells/μL; n=566] | 344 [236, 516] |
| Psychosocial characteristics reported at subsequent antenatal visits | |
| Median perceived availability of support score [IQR; max=5] | 4.7 [3.7, 5.0] |
| Median HIV-related stigma score [IQR; max=5] | 2.3 [1.6, 2.9] |
| Median antenatal depressive symptoms score [IQR; max=30] | 4.0 [1.0, 8.0] |
| Median patient-healthcare provider relationship score [IQR; max=4] | 3.8 [3.4, 4.0] |
| Intimate partner violence experienced in preceding 12 months | 119 (21) |
| Alcohol use prior to pregnancy | |
| Report of alcohol use on AUDIT | 487 (84) |
| Below threshold | 89 (15) |
| Risky drinking (AUDIT score >6) | 4 (0.7) |
| Alcohol dependence (AUDIT score >20) | |
| Report of alcohol use on AUDIT-C | |
| Below threshold | 428 (74) |
| Hazardous alcohol use | 152 (26) |
| Alcohol use during pregnancy | |
| Report of alcohol use on AUDIT | |
| Below threshold | 546 (94) |
| Risky drinking (AUDIT score >6) | 31 (5) |
| Alcohol dependence (AUDIT score >20) | 3 (0.5) |
| Report of alcohol use on AUDIT-C | |
| Below threshold | 524 (90) |
| Hazardous alcohol use | 56 (10) |