Table 1.

Background characteristics of women by timing of antenatal care, 2013 Nigeria DHS

Characteristic	1^st trimester	2^nd trimester	3^rd trimester	χ²	p
Maternal age				3.9	0.009
Less than 18	20.1	62.2	16.9
18-34	25.6	61.5	11.5
35 or older	30.2	61.4	10.8
Maternal education				51.8	0.001
No formal	20.9	60.3	18.9
Primary	25.5	63.3	11.3
Secondary and more	31.3	61.6	7.1
Marital status				1.67	0.156
Married	26.7	66.9	9.5
Formerly married	31.0	61.5	11.7
Never married	23.5	58.2	10.9
Type of marriage				24.9	0.001
Monogamy	28.2	61.5	10.4
Polygamy	22.7	61.8	15.6
Parity				15.7	0.001
One	30.1	60.3	9.6
2-4	28.0	61.7	10.3
5+	23.2	62.1	14.7
Birth order				12.2	0.001
1^st	30.1	60.3	9.6
2^nd & 3^rd	28.7	61.1	10.2
4^th & 5^th	25.6	63.1	11.4
6^th and above	22.5	61.8	15.7
Pregnancy intention				0.82	0.550
Wanted	26.8	61.3	11.9
Mistimed	26.7	63.4	10.0
Unwanted	25.8	64.9	9.3
Household Wealth				29.6	0.001
Poor	22.7	59.4	17.9
Middle	27.9	61.1	11.1
Rich	28.6	63.0	8.4
Decision participation				22.6	0.001
None	21.1	62.2	16.7
One	27.4	60.9	11.8
Two	29.4	59.7	10.9
Three	29.6	63.8	6.6
All four	32.6	59.6	7.8
Media exposure				28.8	0.001
Not exposed	24.0	57.8	18.2
Exposed to one	23.6	62.7	13.7
Exposed to two	27.0	63.7	9.3
Exposed to three	33.5	60.5	6.0
Zone				41.1	0.001
North Central	41.7	50.6	7.7
North East	21.3	61.5	17.2
North West	13.9	68.2	18.0
South East	31.0	61.4	7.6
South South	26.4	63.4	10.2
South West	32.3	61.3	6.4
Residence				11.5	0.001
Urban	26.0	64.2	9.8
Rural	27.5	59.1	13.4
Insurance				3.98	0.0036
No	26.5	61.7	11.8
Yes	37.2	57.4	5.4
Total	26.8	61.6	11.6