Table 4.
Age-specific changes in incidence of selected age-related impairments over the age of 80 years, 1995 to 2014
| Condition | Age group (years) | Hazard ratioa (95% CI) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1995-1999 | 2000-2004 | 2005-2009 | 2010-2014 | ||
| Dementia | 80-84 | Ref. | 1.28 (1.17 to 1.39) | 1.85 (1.70 to 2.01) | 2.94 (2.70 to 3.21) |
| 85-89 | Ref. | 1.21 (1.12 to 1.30) | 1.55 (1.44 to 1.66) | 2.40 (2.23 to 2.57) | |
| 90-94 | Ref. | 1.16 (1.06 to 1.26) | 1.50 (1.37 to 1.63) | 2.03 (1.87 to 2.20) | |
| 95-99 | Ref. | 1.32 (1.12 to 1.55) | 1.76 (1.51 to 2.04) | 2.43 (2.09 to 2.82) | |
| 100+ | Ref. | 1.30 (0.70 to 2.42) | 2.18 (1.21 to 3.90) | 2.52 (1.41 to 4.50) | |
| Cognitive/memory | 80-84 | Ref. | 2.29 (2.05 to 2.55) | 3.61 (3.25 to 4.01) | 5.57 (5.01 to 6.20) |
| 85-89 | Ref. | 2.36 (2.11 to 2.63) | 3.84 (3.46 to 4.27) | 5.64 (5.08 to 6.27) | |
| 90-94 | Ref. | 2.53 (2.16 to 2.98) | 4.25 (3.64 to 4.96) | 6.30 (5.40 to 7.34) | |
| 95-99 | Ref. | 2.49 (1.81 to 3.42) | 4.31 (3.17 to 5.84) | 6.62 (4.89 to 8.95) | |
| 100+ | Ref. | 2.28 (0.67 to 7.77) | 3.96 (1.22 to 12.8) | 6.02 (1.88 to 19.3) | |
| MSK pain | 80-84 | Ref. | 1.06 (1.02 to 1.10) | 1.30 (1.25 to 1.35) | 1.26 (1.21 to 1.32) |
| 85-89 | Ref. | 1.06 (1.01 to 1.11) | 1.29 (1.23 to 1.35) | 1.22 (1.16 to 1.28) | |
| 90-94 | Ref. | 1.00 (0.93 to 1.06) | 1.25 (1.17 to 1.33) | 1.18 (1.11 to 1.26) | |
| 95-99 | Ref. | 1.00 (0.88 to 1.14) | 1.33 (1.18 to 1.50) | 1.32 (1.16 to 1.49) | |
| 100+ | Ref. | 0.83 (0.55 to 1.25) | 1.45 (1.00 to 2.10) | 1.63 (1.12 to 2.37) | |
| Falls | 80-84 | Ref. | 1.08 (1.03 to 1.13) | 1.18 (1.13 to 1.24) | 1.26 (1.19 to 1.32) |
| 85-89 | Ref. | 1.05 (1.00 to 1.10) | 1.11 (1.06 to 1.16) | 1.18 (1.13 to 1.23) | |
| 90-94 | Ref. | 0.96 (0.91 to 1.02) | 1.11 (1.05 to 1.17) | 1.13 (1.07 to 1.19) | |
| 95-99 | Ref. | 1.03 (0.94 to 1.14) | 1.21 (1.11 to 1.33) | 1.25 (1.14 to 1.37) | |
| 100+ | Ref. | 1.10 (0.81 to 1.49) | 1.33 (0.99 to 1.79) | 1.50 (1.12 to 2.02) | |
| Fractures | 80-84 | Ref. | 0.94 (0.89 to 1.00) | 1.18 (1.12 to 1.26) | 1.38 (1.30 to 1.47) |
| 85-89 | Ref. | 0.96 (0.91 to 1.02) | 1.20 (1.13 to 1.27) | 1.49 (1.41 to 1.58) | |
| 90-94 | Ref. | 0.97 (0.90 to 1.05) | 1.19 (1.11 to 1.28) | 1.42 (1.32 to 1.53) | |
| 95-99 | Ref. | 1.11 (0.97 to 1.27) | 1.41 (1.24 to 1.60) | 1.61 (1.42 to 1.83) | |
| 100+ | Ref. | 0.95 (0.64 to 1.41) | 1.32 (0.91 to 1.92) | 1.57 (1.09 to 2.27) | |
| Hearing impairment | 80-84 | Ref. | 1.14 (1.08 to 1.19) | 1.26 (1.20 to 1.32) | 1.28 (1.22 to 1.35) |
| 85-89 | Ref. | 1.21 (1.15 to 1.28) | 1.34 (1.27 to 1.41) | 1.32 (1.25 to 1.39) | |
| 90-94 | Ref. | 1.22 (1.13 to 1.32) | 1.40 (1.30 to 1.51) | 1.43 (1.32 to 1.54) | |
| 95-99 | Ref. | 1.40 (1.20 to 1.62) | 1.65 (1.43 to 1.91) | 1.81 (1.56 to 2.10) | |
| 100+ | Ref. | 0.85 (0.51 to 1.41) | 1.41 (0.88 to 2.25) | 1.75 (1.10 to 2.78) | |
| Visual impairment | 80-84 | Ref. | 0.77 (0.72 to 0.82) | 0.62 (0.58 to 0.66) | 0.50 (0.46 to 0.54) |
| 85-89 | Ref. | 0.85 (0.80 to 0.91) | 0.69 (0.65 to 0.74) | 0.54 (0.50 to 0.59) | |
| 90-94 | Ref. | 0.92 (0.84 to 1.01) | 0.86 (0.79 to 0.95) | 0.67 (0.61 to 0.74) | |
| 95-99 | Ref. | 1.03 (0.85 to 1.25) | 1.00 (0.83 to 1.20) | 0.88 (0.73 to 1.07) | |
| 100+ | Ref. | 0.76 (0.44 to 1.31) | 0.74 (0.44 to 1.25) | 0.51 (0.29 to 0.90) | |
CI confidence interval
aAdjusted for time and sex