Table 4.
Characteristics of cases with controlled or uncontrolled hypertension among patients receiving antihypertension therapy.
| Variable | Baselinea | P | 1-year follow-upb | P | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Controlled cases | Uncontrolled cases | Controlled cases | Uncontrolled cases | |||
| Age (years) | 58.87 ± 9.13 | 58.10 ± 7.66 | 0.25 | 57.62 ± 7.88 | 58.16 ± 8.13 | 0.08 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.16 ± 3.56 | 26.62 ± 3.53 | 0.08 | 24.93 ± 3.97 | 25.19 ± 3.94 | 0.08 |
| WC (cm) | 84.96 ± 10.66 | 88.72 ± 9.44 | <0.01 | 86.16 ± 9.10 | 88.10 ± 10.16 | <0.01 |
| Vegetables (kg/day) | 0.46 ± 0.13 | 0.39 ± 0.16 | <0.01 | 0.51 ± 0.23 | 0.45 ± 0.15 | <0.01 |
| Fruits (kg/day) | 0.17 ± 0.07 | 0.08 ± 0.08 | <0.01 | 0.16 ± 0.10 | 0.10 ± 0.06 | <0.01 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 2.31 ± 1.47 | 2.62 ± 1.64 | <0.01 | 1.85 ± 1.24 | 2.09 ± 1.39 | <0.01 |
| HDL-c (mmol/L) | 1.70 ± 0.62 | 1.57 ± 0.59 | <0.01 | 1.61 ± 0.35 | 1.48 ± 0.40 | <0.01 |
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 6.14 ± 1.74 | 6.50 ± 1.80 | <0.01 | 5.90 ± 2.03 | 6.17 ± 2.27 | <0.01 |
| Sex | ||||||
| Female | 110 (62.50) | 775 (57.88) | 1,034 (59.80) | 667 (56.38) | ||
| Male | 66 (37.50) | 564 (42.12) | 0.24 | 695 (40.20) | 516 (43.62) | 0.07 |
| Education | ||||||
| ≤Primary school | 156 (88.64) | 1,143 (85.36) | 1,489 (86.12) | 1,036 (87.57) | ||
| Middle school | 11 (6.25) | 149 (11.13) | 181 (10.47) | 112 (9.47) | ||
| ≥High school | 9 (5.11) | 47 (3.51) | 0.09 | 59 (3.41) | 35 (2.96) | 0.52 |
| Income/month | ||||||
| ≤500 yuan | 9 (5.34) | 119 (8.89) | 146 (8.45) | 104 (8.79) | ||
| 500–1,000 yuan | 15 (8.40) | 130 (9.71) | 169 (9.77) | 109 (9.21) | ||
| ≥1,000 yuan | 152 (86.26) | 1,090 (81.40) | 0.19 | 1,414 (81.78) | 970 (81.99) | 0.85 |
| Farmer | ||||||
| No | 112 (63.64) | 610 (45.56) | 744 (43.03) | 731 (61.79) | ||
| Yes | 64 (36.36) | 729 (54.44) | <0.01 | 985 (56.97) | 452 (38.21) | <0.01 |
| Ever smoked | ||||||
| No | 164 (93.18) | 1,062 (79.31) | 1,460 (84.44) | 944 (79.80) | ||
| Yes | 12 (6.82) | 277 (20.69) | <0.01 | 269 (15.56) | 239 (20.20) | <0.01 |
| Ever drinker | ||||||
| No | 161 (91.48) | 1,035 (77.30) | 1,476 (85.37) | 915 (77.35) | ||
| Yes | 15 (8.52) | 304 (22.70) | <0.01 | 253 (14.63) | 268 (22.65) | <0.01 |
| Familial history of hypertension | ||||||
| No | 141 (80.11) | 1,096 (81.85) | 1,435 (83.00) | 976 (82.50) | ||
| Yes | 35 (19.89) | 243 (18.15) | 0.58 | 294 (17.00) | 207 (17.50) | 0.73 |
| Having MS (IDF) | ||||||
| No | 95 (53.98) | 550 (41.08) | 909 (52.57) | 557 (47.08) | ||
| Yes | 81 (46.02) | 789 (58.92) | <0.01 | 820 (47.43) | 626 (52.92) | <0.01 |
| Having MS (ATP III) | ||||||
| No | 106 (60.31) | 543 (40.55) | 1,167 (67.50) | 715 (60.44) | ||
| Yes | 70 (39.77) | 796 (59.45) | <0.01 | 562 (32.50) | 468 (39.56) | <0.01 |
| Having MS (modified ATP III) | ||||||
| No | 86 (48.86) | 381 (28.45) | 908 (52.52) | 516 (43.62) | ||
| Yes | 90 (51.14) | 958 (71.55) | <0.01 | 821 (47.48) | 667 (56.38) | <0.01 |
| Having MS (JIS) | ||||||
| No | 56 (32.06) | 188 (14.04) | 651 (37.65) | 367 (31.02) | ||
| Yes | 120 (68.18) | 1,151 (85.96) | <0.01 | 1,078 (62.35) | 816 (68.98) | <0.01 |
| Means of intervention | ||||||
| Drug | — | — | 355 (20.53) | 612 (51.73) | ||
| Drug + lifestyle | — | — | — | 1,374 (79.46) | 571 (48.27) | <0.01 |
WC: waist circumference, TG: triglycerides, HDL-c: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, MS: metabolic syndrome, ATP III: the Adult Treatment Panel III (part of the 2001 US Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program), Modified ATP III: the 2004 modification of the ATP III for Asian populations, IDF: the 2005 criteria from the International Diabetes Federation, JIS: the 2009 criteria from the Joint Interim Statement.
a1,515 patients with hypertension who received drug therapy among the 2,912 patients at baseline, b2,912 patients with hypertension who were all receiving antihypertension therapy at the 1-year follow-up.
Data are shown as mean ± standard deviation or number (%).