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. 2017 Apr 4;7:626. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-00725-4

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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(a) The schematic of the experimental setup. FC: function generator; LD: laser diode; FC: fiber coupler; ConL: condenser lens; BS: beam splitter; PD: Photodiode UT: ultrasound transducer; LNA: low-noise amplifier. (b,c) The light illumination signal detected by the photodiode with pulse width of 1 µs and 10 µs. (d,e) The measured LDPA signals with 1 µs and 10 µs pulse width laser illumination. (f) Amplitudes of first PA signal (red line, square symbol) and second PA signal (blue line, circle symbol) by sweeping the pulse width of the laser source.