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. 2017 Apr 10;7:778. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-00925-y

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Shizukaol F increases glucose uptake and inhibits gluconeogenesis intracellular. After treatment with the indicated concentrations of shizukaol F for 24 h. (A) Shizukaol F increased the phosphorylation of AMPKa and stimulated the GLUT-4 translocation from plasm to membrane. (B) The 2-deoxy-D-glucose uptake was measured in C2C12 myotubes after treated with shizukaol F at indicated concentrations for 24 h (n = 3). **P < 0.05 (one way ANOVA). The gluconeogenesis ability in primary mouse hepatic cells was measured after treating with shizukaol F overnight. (C) Shizukaol F increased the phosphorylation of AMPKa in primary hepatocytes, and suppressed the PEPCK/G6Pase gene expression (D). *P < 0.05; **P < 0.05 (two way ANOVA). n = 3 independent biological replicate experiments. The glucose production in primary hepatocyte was measured after treated with shizukaol F overnight (E). **P < 0.05 (one way ANOVA). n = 3 independent biological replicate experiments.

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