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. 2017 Apr 10;7:777. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-00914-1

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Effects of the perfusion system on the growth ability of CECs. (A) EdU assay of CECs in the static and perfusion systems. Scale bar: 100 µm. (B) The proliferation of CECs was evaluated based on the ratio of EdU-positive cells to total cells. (C) Quantification of the cell density in the static and perfusion systems. (D) Flow cytometry analysis of the cell cycle in the static and perfusion systems. The data are presented as the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. Differences with *P < 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant.