Table 2.
Echocardiography data and hemodynamic values.
| Parameters | ShM (n = 11) | ShF (n = 7) | ArM (n = 7) | ArF (n = 7) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EDD, mm | 9.3 ± 0.15 | 7.9 ± 0.08b | 12.1 ± 0.52a | 10.4 ± 0.2a, b |
| ESD, mm | 4.4 ± 0.09 | 3.7 ± 0.08b | 7.0 ± 0.45a | 5.5 ± 0.19a, b |
| SW, mm | 1.5 ± 0.03 | 1.3 ± 0.02b | 1.5 ± 0.03 | 1.4 ± 0.03a, b |
| PW, mm | 1.5 ± 0.03 | 1.4 ± 0.03b | 1.6 ± 0.02 | 1.5 ± 0.02a |
| LV mass (echo), mg | 1109 ± 51.2 | 724 ± 13.0b | 1793 ± 148.9a | 1246 ± 85.4a, b |
| Ind. LV mass (echo), mg/g | 1.6 ± 0.08 | 2.1 ± 0.07b | 2.7 ± 0.08a | 3.7 ± 0.28a, b |
| RWT, unitless | 0.33 ± 0.004 | 0.34 ± 0.006 | 0.26 ± 0.012a | 0.28 ± 0.004a |
| mWS, mmHg.cm2 | 189 ± 1.8 | 169 ± 1.8 | 278 ± 15.0a | 231 ± 5.6a, b |
| FS, % | 53 ± 0.5 | 54 ± 0.6 | 42 ± 1.4a | 47 ± 1.0a, b |
| % regurgitation | na | na | 79 ± 4.5 | 79 ± 7.1 |
| LAD, mm | 6.4 ± 0.14 | 4.3 ± 0.12b | 7.9 ± 0.37a | 5.7 ± 0.17a, b |
| MWV, mm/s | 20.9 ± 0.58 | 22.3 ± 0.74 | 18.0 ± 0.91 | 21.2 ± 0.80 |
| MPI (Tei index) | 0.39 ± 0.019 | 0.43 ± 0.018 | 0.52 ± 0.030a | 0.52 ± 0.050a |
| HR, bpm | 365 ± 11.0 | 396 ± 9.0 | 337 ± 12.9a | 380 ± 9.3b |
| SV, µl | 202 ± 3.0 | 160 ± 0.6b | 409 ± 31.0a | 260 ± 4.1a, b |
| CO, ml/min | 74 ± 2.7 | 64 ± 3.2b | 137 ± 10.3a | 98 ± 2.7a, b |
| dP/dT+ | 5470 ± 475 | 6519 ± 465 | 4881 ± 354 | 5679 ± 707 |
| dP/dT− | 5389 ± 375 | 6598 ± 603 | 4526 ± 271 | 3467 ± 295a |
| EDP, mmHg | 13.6 ± 0.68 | 11.3 ± 1.48 | 17.1 ± 1.06a | 13.7 ± 1.60b |
| SAP, mmHg | 125 ± 7.0 | 123 ± 5.0 | 131 ± 6.6 | 128 ± 9.6 |
| DAP, mmHg | 78 ± 3.0 | 75 ± 4.2 | 58 ± 2.9a | 56 ± 5.2a |
| PP, mmHg | 47 ± 5.3 | 48 ± 3.2 | 72 ± 4.8a | 72 ± 5.0a |
EDD: end-diastolic diameter, ESD: end-systolic diameter, SW: septal wall thickness, PW: posterior wall, Ind: indexed, RWT: relative wall thickness, mWS: mean LV wall stress, FS: fractional shortening, LAD, left atrial diameter, MWV: LV mid-wall velocity, MPI: myocardial performance index, HR: heart rate, bpm: beats per minute, SV: stroke volume, CO: cardiac output, dP/dt+ and dP/dt−, maximal and minimal derivative of pressure/time, EDP: LV end-diastolic pressure, SAP: systolic arterial pressure, DAP: diastolic arterial pressure and PP: pulse pressure. Na: not applicable. Values are expressed as the mean ± SEM. The number of animals per group is indicated in parentheses. ap < 0.05 vs. the corresponding sham group and bp < 0.05 vs. the corresponding male group. Echocardiography measurements were obtained under inhaled isoflurane anaesthesia.