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. 2017 Apr 13;7:873. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-00988-x

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Simulated IQE at 600 nm of high (red squares) and low (black circles) doping IBC structures that were implemented into ASPIN3 as a function of bulk lifetime. IQE were simulated for different front surface recombination velocities (solid lines: 0 cm/s, dashed: 500 cm/s, dotted: 1000 cm/s). Measured IQE values at 600 nm of the two IBC cells from Fig. 3 are implemented as horizontal lines. Hatched area above the 0 cm/s lines is outside the parameter space for valid solutions for any set of lifetime and recombination velocity to reach an IQE value in this area. Face-down triangles represent simulated cells with IQE matching the ones measured for the three cases: bulk limited, intermediate and interface limited in Table 4.