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. 2017 Apr 18;7:893. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-00677-9

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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General intelligence mediates the relationship between the left DLPFC and academic performance. The panel shows that the left DLPFC affects academic performance through general intelligence. Here, we used the standardized regression coefficients to indicate the paths between variables, and all paths (a, b, c and c’) were significant. The indirect effect (c − c’ or a × b) was significant. Academic performance was measured using the Chinese National College Entrance Examination (CNCEE) score. Gender, age and the total gray matter volume were controlled for. DLPFC = dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.