Fig. 4.

LC3B levels in TNF-α-treated placental explants. Human first-trimester placental explants were incubated with or without TNF-α (10 ng/ml) for 48h. qPCR analysis of LC3B gene expression (a), Western blot analysis (b) and band densitometry data for LC3B-I (c) and LC3B-II (d), respectively, which were related to corresponding densities of β-actin. Data are presented as mean ± SEM from eight (a) and five (b–d) different explant cultures. *p < 0.05