FIGURE 6.

Topographic maps and difference waves (at Fz) for voiceless deviants (red) and voiced deviants (blue) for Arabic speakers. Ribbons indicate a difference-adjusted 95% Cousineau-Morey within-subjects interval (which can be interpreted as follows: at a given time point, if neither condition’s difference-adjusted interval contains the other condition’s mean, then the difference between conditions is likely to be significant at the 95% alpha level, without correction for multiple comparisons). Horizontal lines on the difference waves indicate the average negativity for the 51 ms window centered on the MMN peak.